Publications: Prof Charles Knowles

Stevens N, Taheri S, Grossi U, Emmett C, Bannister S, Norton C, Yiannakou Y, Knowles C ( 2024 ) . A study within a trial (SWAT) of clinical trial feasibility and barriers to recruitment in the United Kingdom – the CapaCiTY programme experience . BMC Medical Research Methodology vol. 24 , ( 1 )

Tong C, Jamous N, Schmitz N-D, Szwarcensztein K, Morton D, Pinkney T, El-Hussuna A, Battersby N et al. ( 2024 ) . Anastomotic leak after manual circular stapled left-sided bowel surgery: analysis of technology-, disease-, and patient-related factors . BJS Open vol. 8 , ( 5 )

Herroelen S, Knowles C, Kerrigan-Smith J, Noone T, Denison T, De Wachter S ( 2024 ) . Pudendal nerve stimulation for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms: A systematic review of safety, technical feasibility and clinical efficacy . Continence vol. 11 ,

Kung VWS, Broad J, Makwana R, Palmer A, Baidoo N, Epton S, Elahi S, Chin‐Aleong J et al. ( 2024 ) . The impact of long‐course chemoradiotherapy on the myenteric plexus, neuromuscular functions and responses to prokinetic drugs in the human rectum . United European Gastroenterology Journal

Vollebregt PF, Grossi U, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2024 ) . Further Questions Raised as to the Use of Anorectal Manometry in the Diagnostic Assessment of Dyssynergic Defecation . The American Journal of Gastroenterology vol. 119 , ( 12 ) 2546 - 2547 .

Grossi U, Vollebregt PF, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2024 ) . Revisiting the accuracy of anorectal manometry for dyssynergic defaecation . European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology vol. 36 , ( 9 ) 1149 - 1149 .

Knowles CH ( 2023 ) . Parsimony prevails: Botulinum toxin and the overactive rectum . The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology vol. 9 , ( 2 ) 98 - 100 .

Norton C, Bannister S, Booth L, Brown SR, Cross S, Eldridge S, Emmett C, Grossi U et al. ( 2023 ) . Habit training versus habit training with direct visual biofeedback in adults with chronic constipation: A randomized controlled trial . Colorectal Disease vol. 25 , ( 11 ) 2243 - 2256 .

Chaichanavichkij P, Hartmann M, Scott SM, Fenton N, Knowles CH ( 2023 ) . Evaluating the risk factors for the development of benign disorders of defaecation: a surgical perspective . Techniques in Coloproctology vol. 27 , ( 10 ) 847 - 857 .

Venn ML, Hooper RL, Pampiglione T, Morton DG, Nepogodiev D, Knowles CH ( 2023 ) . Systematic review of preoperative and intraoperative colorectal Anastomotic Leak Prediction Scores (ALPS) . BMJ Open vol. 13 , ( 7 )

Chaichanavichkij P, Vollebregt PF, Keshishian K, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2023 ) . The Clinical Impact of Obesity in Patients With Disorders of Defecation: A Cross-Sectional Study of 1,155 Patients . The American Journal of Gastroenterology vol. 118 , ( 12 ) 2247 - 2257 .

Yoon J, Jung KW, Ham NS, Kim J, Suh Y, Kim SO, Choi SH, Kim DW et al. ( 2023 ) . Adult‐onset megacolon with focal hypoganglionosis: A detailed phenotyping and prospective cohort study . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 35 , ( 9 )

Wilkinson-Smith V, Mark Scott S, Menys A, Corsetti M, Marciani L, Atkinson D, Coupland C, Zdanaviciene A et al. ( 2023 ) . O52 Reclassifying constipation using colonic volume assessed by MRI, whole gut transit, psychological distress and pain scores . Conference: Oral presentationsa29.2 - a2a30 .

Group ESOCC, Dulskas A ( 2023 ) . The 2022 European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) global snapshot audit of faecal incontinence: Study protocol . Colorectal Disease vol. 25 , ( 8 ) 1694 - 1697 .

Venn ML, Knowles CH, Li E, Glasbey J, Morton DG, Hooper R ( 2023 ) . Implementation of a batched stepped wedge trial evaluating a quality improvement intervention for surgical teams to reduce anastomotic leak after right colectomy . Trials vol. 24 , ( 1 )

Knowles CH, Canestrari E, Jankowski RJ, Cardello K, Raval MJ ( 2023 ) . Safety and Efficacy of Iltamiocel Cellular Therapy for the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence. Results of a Phase 1/2 Study . Annals of Surgery vol. 278 , ( 6 ) 937 - 944 .

Wilkinson-Smith V, Scott SM, Menys A, Zdanavciene A, Wiklendt L, Corsetti M, Marciani L, Atkinson D et al. ( 2023 ) . 414 RECLASSIFYING CONSTIPATION USING COLONIC VOLUME ASSESSED BY MRI, WHOLE GUT TRANSIT, PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS AND PAIN SCORES . Gastroenterology . vol. 164 , s - 77 .

Wiklendt L, Wilkinson-Smith V, Scott SM, Sansone S, Zdanavciene A, Knowles C, Corsetti M, Marciani L et al. ( 2023 ) . Su1617 INFLUENCE OF COLONIC CONTENT UPON HIGH RESOLUTION COLONIC MANOMETRY RECORDINGS . Gastroenterology . vol. 164 , s - 622 .

Dibley* L, Hart A, Duncan* J, Knowles CH, Kerry S, Lanz* D, Berdunov* V, Madurasinghe* VW et al. ( 2023 ) . Supported Intervention Versus Intervention Alone for Management of Fecal Incontinence in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease . Journal of Wound Ostomy and Continence Nursing vol. 50 , ( 3 ) 235 - 244 .

Chowdhury S, El‐Hussuna A, Gallo G, Keatley J, Kelly ME, Minaya‐Bravo A, Ovington L, Pata F et al. ( 2023 ) . An international assessment of surgeon practices in abdominal wound closure and surgical site infection prevention by the European Society for Coloproctology . Colorectal Disease vol. 25 , ( 5 ) 1014 - 1025 .

Desprez C, Danovi D, Knowles CH, Day RM ( 2023 ) . Cell shape characteristics of human skeletal muscle cells as a predictor of myogenic competency: A new paradigm towards precision cell therapy . Journal of Tissue Engineering vol. 14 ,

Vollebregt PF, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2023 ) . Letter: opioid usage is associated with rectal hyposensitivity in patients with opioid‐induced constipation . Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics vol. 57 , ( 4 ) 448 - 449 .

Coxon-Meggy AH, Vogel I, White J, Croft J, Corrigan N, Meggy A, Stocken DD, Keller D et al. ( 2023 ) . Pathway Of Low Anterior Resection syndrome relief after Surgery (POLARiS) feasibility trial protocol: a multicentre, feasibility cohort study with embedded randomised control trial to compare sacral neuromodulation and transanal irrigation to optimised conservative management in the management of major low anterior resection syndrome following rectal cancer treatment . BMJ Open vol. 13 , ( 1 )

Knowles CH ( 2023 ) . Functional disorders of the intestine . Bailey and Love’s: Short Practice of Surgery: 28th Edition ,

Bharucha AE, Knowles CH ( 2022 ) . Rectocele: Incidental or important? Observe or operate? Contemporary diagnosis and management in the multidisciplinary era . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 34 , ( 11 )

Knowles CH ( 2022 ) . Trials with repeated cross sections: alternatives to parallel group designs in surgery trials . Techniques in Coloproctology vol. 26 , ( 12 ) 929 - 930 .

Bharucha AE, Knowles CH, Mack I, Malcolm A, Oblizajek N, Rao S, Scott SM, Shin A et al. ( 2022 ) . Faecal incontinence in adults . Nature Reviews Disease Primers vol. 8 , ( 1 )

Keshishian K, Bradley R, Forsyth K, Knowles C, Hancorn K ( 2022 ) . WE1.5 Management of Anorectal trauma - A UK trauma centre based experience . British Journal of Surgery . vol. 109 ,

Chaichanavichkij P, Hartmann M, McLachlan S, Scott SM, Fenton N, Knowles CH ( 2022 ) . O039 Evaluating the influence of risk factors on the development of defaecatory problems: a Delphi study . British Journal of Surgery vol. 109 , ( SUPPL 4 )

Collaborative SCAT, Kouli O, Murray V, Bhatia S, Cambridge W, Kawka M, Shafi S, Knight et al. ( 2022 ) . Evaluation of prognostic risk models for postoperative pulmonary complications in adult patients undergoing major abdominal surgery: a systematic review and international external validation cohort study . The Lancet Digital Health vol. 4 , ( 7 ) e520 - e531 .

Howell CA, Kemppinen A, Allgar V, Dodd M, Knowles CH, McLaughlin J, Pandya P, Whorwell P et al. ( 2022 ) . Double-blinded randomised placebo controlled trial of enterosgel (polymethylsiloxane polyhydrate) for the treatment of IBS with diarrhoea (IBS-D) . Gut vol. 71 , ( 12 ) 2430 - 2438 .

Yiannakou Y, Howell C, Kemppinen A, Allgar V, Dodd M, Knowles C, McLaughlin J, Pandya P et al. ( 2022 ) . O54 Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigating enterosgel® treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (RELIEVE IBS-D) . Conference: Oral presentationsa31.1 - a3a31 .

Baidoo N, Crawley E, Knowles CH, Sanger GJ, Belai A ( 2022 ) . Total collagen content and distribution is increased in human colon during advancing age . PLOS ONE vol. 17 , ( 6 )

Knowles C, Canestrari E, Cardello K, Jankowski R, Raval M ( 2022 ) . 397 AUTOLOGOUS MUSCLE DERIVED CELLS TREATMENT OF FECAL INCONTINENCE: AN ANALYSIS OF EFFICACY IN WOMEN WITH OBSTETRIC INJURY . Continence vol. 2 , 1 - 2 .

Desprez C, Danovi D, Knowles C, Day R ( 2022 ) . 515 CELL SHAPE CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS AS A PREDICTOR OF MYOGENIC COMPETENCY: A NEW PARADIGM TOWARDS PRECISION CELL THERAPY FOR INCONTINENCE . Continence vol. 2 ,

Knowles CH, Cohen RC ( 2022 ) . Chronic anal pain: A review of causes, diagnosis, and treatment . Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine vol. 89 , ( 6 ) 336 - 343 .

Vollebregt PF, Dinning PG, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2022 ) . Coexistent faecal incontinence and constipation: Common but frequently overlooked . United European Gastroenterology Journal vol. 10 , ( 6 ) 601 - 602 .

Grossi U, Lacy-Colson J, Brown SR, Cross S, Eldridge S, Jordan M, Mason J, Norton C et al. ( 2022 ) . Stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial of laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy in adults with chronic constipation . Techniques in Coloproctology vol. 26 , ( 12 ) 941 - 952 .

Vollebregt P, Wiklendt L, Burgell R, Chaichanavichkij P, Dinning P, Knowles C, Scott SM ( 2022 ) . 808: ABNORMAL PERCEPTION OF URGE TO DEFECATE: AN IMPORTANT PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISM IN WOMEN WITH CONSTIPATION . Gastroenterology vol. 162 , ( 7 ) s - 198 .

Adamina M, Ademuyiwa A, Adisa A, Bhangu AA, Bravo AM, Cunha MF, Emile S, Ghosh D et al. ( 2022 ) . The impact of surgical delay on resectability of colorectal cancer: An international prospective cohort study . Colorectal Disease vol. 24 , ( 6 ) 708 - 726 .

Vollebregt PF, Wiklendt L, Burgell RE, Chaichanavichkij P, Dinning PG, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2022 ) . Abnormal Perception of Urge to Defecate: An Important Pathophysiological Mechanism in Women With Chronic Constipation . The American Journal of Gastroenterology vol. 117 , ( 7 ) 1125 - 1136 .

Knowles CH, Dinning P, Scott SM, Swash M, de Wachter S ( 2022 ) . New concepts in the pathophysiology of fecal incontinence . Annals of Laparoscopic and Endoscopic Surgery vol. 0 , ( 0 ) 0 - 0 .

Ahmed WUR, Bhatia S, McLean KA, Khaw R, Baker D, Kamarajah SK, Bell S, Nepogodiev D et al. ( 2022 ) . Validation of the OAKS prognostic model for acute kidney injury after gastrointestinal surgery . BJS Open vol. 6 , ( 1 )

Vollebregt PF, Burgell RE, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2022 ) . Rectal Hyposensitivity Is an Important Pathophysiologic Mechanism in Patients With Constipation: Evidence From Large Observational Studies in Patients Referred for Anorectal Physiology Testing . The American Journal of Gastroenterology vol. 117 , ( 4 ) 688 - 688 .

Rasijeff AMP, García-Zermeño K, Di Tanna GL, Remes-Troche J, Knowles CH, Scott MS ( 2022 ) . Systematic review and meta-analysis of anal motor and rectal sensory dysfunction in male and female patients undergoing anorectal manometry for symptoms of faecal incontinence . Colorectal Disease

Collaborative CS ( 2022 ) . Impact of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination on postoperative mortality in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection . BJS Open vol. 5 , ( 6 )

Hitchman L, Machin M ( 2021 ) . Impact of COVID-19 on vascular patients worldwide: analysis of the COVIDSurg data . The Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery vol. 62 , ( 6 ) 558 - 570 .

McLean KA, Kamarajah SK, Chaudhry D, Gujjuri RR, Raubenheimer K, Trout I, Al Ameer E, Creagh-Brown B et al. ( 2021 ) . Death following pulmonary complications of surgery before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic . British Journal of Surgery vol. 108 , ( 12 ) 1448 - 1464 .

Ng CE, Howell C, Kemppinen A, Forsyth H, Richell G, Markaryan E, McLaughlin J, Knowles C et al. ( 2021 ) . PWE-61 An early evaluation of participant recruitment and compliance following the virtualisation of RELIEVE IBS-D trial . Gut . Conference: Posters vol. 70 , a173 - a174 .

Ng CE, Howell C, Markaryan E, Kemppinen A, Ling J, Newton J, McLaughlin J, Knowles C et al. ( 2021 ) . PWE-63 Recruitment potential of enhanced IBS trial recruitment strategies in the community . Gut . Conference: Posters vol. 70 , a175 - a175 .

Ng CE, Howell C, Markaryan E, Kemppinen A, Ling J, Newton J, McLaughlin J, Knowles C et al. ( 2021 ) . PWE-64 Understanding factors that affect recruitment to an interventional trial of irritable bowel syndrome . Conference: Postersa175.2 - a1a176 .

Knowles CH, Booth L, Brown SR, Cross S, Eldridge S, Emmett C, Grossi U, Jordan M et al. ( 2021 ) . Non-drug therapies for the management of chronic constipation in adults: the CapaCiTY research programme including three RCTs . Programme Grants for Applied Research vol. 9 , ( 14 ) 1 - 134 .

Grossi U, Heinrich H, Di Tanna GL, Taylor SA, Vollebregt PF, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2021 ) . Systematic Characterization of Defecographic Abnormalities in a Consecutive Series of 827 Patients With Chronic Constipation . Diseases of the Colon & Rectum vol. 64 , ( 11 ) 1385 - 1397 .

Gmel GE, Vollebregt PF, Thijssen MEG, Escapa RS, McAlees E, Mugan D, Parker JL, Knowles CH ( 2021 ) . Electrophysiological Responses in the Human S3 Nerve During Sacral Neuromodulation for Fecal Incontinence . Frontiers in Neuroscience vol. 15 ,

Palmer A, Epton S, Crawley E, Straface M, Gammon L, Edgar MM, Xu Y, Elahi S et al. ( 2021 ) . Expression of p16 Within Myenteric Neurons of the Aged Colon: A Potential Marker of Declining Function . Frontiers in Neuroscience vol. 15 , 747067 - 747067 .

Glasbey J, Ademuyiwa A, Adisa A, AlAmeer E, Arnaud AP, Ayasra F, Azevedo J, Minaya-Bravo A et al. ( 2021 ) . Effect of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns on planned cancer surgery for 15 tumour types in 61 countries: an international, prospective, cohort study . The Lancet Oncology vol. 22 , ( 11 ) 1507 - 1517 .

Group EERC ( 2021 ) . An international assessment of the adoption of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS®) principles across colorectal units in 2019–2020 . Colorectal Disease vol. 23 , ( 11 ) 2980 - 2987 .

Heitmann PT, Vollebregt PF, Knowles CH, Lunniss PJ, Dinning PG, Scott SM ( 2021 ) . Understanding the physiology of human defaecation and disorders of continence and evacuation . Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology vol. 18 , ( 11 ) 751 - 769 .

Dudding TC, Lehur PA, Sørensen M, Engelberg S, Bertapelle MP, Chartier‐Kastler E, Everaert K, Van Kerrebroeck P et al. ( 2021 ) . Reprogramming Sacral Neuromodulation for Sub‐Optimal Outcomes: Evidence and Recommendations for Clinical Practice . Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface vol. 24 , ( 7 ) 1247 - 1257 .

ESCP EAGLE Safe Anastomosis Collaborative ( 2021 ) . ESCP Safe Anastomosis ProGramme in CoLorectal SurgEry (EAGLE): Study protocol for an international cluster randomised trial of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy . Colorectal Dis

Dajti I, Valenzuela JI, Boccalatte LA, Gemelli NA, Smith DE, Dudi-Venkata NN, Kroon HM, Sammour T et al. ( 2021 ) . Machine learning risk prediction of mortality for patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2: the COVIDSurg mortality score . British Journal of Surgery vol. 108 , ( 11 ) 1274 - 1292 .

Peiris M, Aktar R, Reed D, Cibert-Goton V, Zdanaviciene A, Halder W, Robinow A, Corke S et al. ( 2021 ) . Decoy bypass for appetite suppression in obese adults: role of synergistic nutrient sensing receptors GPR84 and FFAR4 on colonic endocrine cells . Gut vol. 71 , ( 5 ) 928 - 937 .

Chaichanavichkij P, Vollebregt PF, Tee SZY, Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2021 ) . Slow-transit constipation and criteria for colectomy: a cross-sectional study of 1568 patients . BJS Open vol. 5 , ( 3 )

Martin JE, English W, Kendall JV, Sheshappanavar V, Peroos S, West M, Cleeve S, Knowles C ( 2021 ) . Megarectum: systematic histopathological evaluation of 35 patients and new common pathways in chronic rectal dilatation . Journal of Clinical Pathology vol. 75 , ( 10 ) 651 - 657 .

Group DSM ( 2021 ) . Diverticulitis Management, a Snapshot Collaborative Audit Study (DAMASCUS): Protocol for an international, multicentre, prospective observational study . Colorectal Disease vol. 23 , ( 8 ) 2182 - 2188 .

Ang D, Vollebregt P, Carrington EV, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2021 ) . Redundancy in the International Anorectal Physiology Working Group Manometry Protocol: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study in Fecal Incontinence . Digestive Diseases and Sciences vol. 67 , ( 3 ) 964 - 970 .

Akowuah E, Benson RA, Caruana EJ, Chetty G, Edwards J, Forlani S, Gradinariu G, Murphy GJ et al. ( 2021 ) . Early outcomes and complications following cardiac surgery in patients testing positive for coronavirus disease 2019: An international cohort study . Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery vol. 162 , ( 2 ) e355 - e372 .

Vollebregt PF, Burgell RE, Hooper RL, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2021 ) . Clinical Impact of Rectal Hyposensitivity: A Cross-Sectional Study of 2,876 Patients With Refractory Functional Constipation . Am J Gastroenterol vol. 116 , ( 4 ) 758 - 768 .

Knowles C, Walker J ( 2021 ) . Caecal volvulus on a background of recurrent caecocolic torsion . Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England vol. 103 , ( 5 ) e177 - e179 .

Corsetti M, Brown S, Chiarioni G, Dimidi E, Dudding T, Emmanuel A, Fox M, Ford AC et al. ( 2021 ) . Chronic constipation in adults: Contemporary perspectives and clinical challenges. 2: Conservative, behavioural, medical and surgical treatment . Neurogastroenterology and Motility

Adegbola SO, Sarafian M, Sahnan K, Pechlivanis A, Phillips RKS, Warusavitarne J, Faiz O, Haddow J et al. ( 2021 ) . Lack of anti-TNF drugs levels in fistula tissue – a reason for nonresponse in Crohn’s perianal fistulating disease? . European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology vol. 34 , ( 1 ) 18 - 26 .

Vollebregt PF, Wiklendt L, Ang D, Venn ML, Mekhael M, Christensen P, Dinning PG, Knowles CH et al. ( 2021 ) . Altered anal slow‐wave pressure activity in low anterior resection syndrome: short case series in two independent specialist centres provide new mechanistic insights . Colorectal Disease vol. 23 , ( 2 ) 444 - 450 .

Glasbey JC, Nepogodiev D, Simoes JFF, Omar OM, Venn ML, Evans JP, Futaba K, Knowles CH et al. ( 2020 ) . Outcomes from elective colorectal cancer surgery during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic . Colorectal Disease vol. 23 , ( 3 ) 732 - 749 .

Fomenko OY, Юрьевна ФО, Morozov SV, Владимирович МС, Scott SM, Mark SS, Knowles HC, Charles KH et al. ( 2020 ) . Recommendations for the Protocol of functional examination of the anorectal zone and disorders classification: the International Anorectal Physiology Working Group consensus and Russian real-world practice . Terapevticheskii arkhiv vol. 92 , ( 12 ) 105 - 119 .

Toth R, Zamora M, Ottaway J, Gillbe T, Martin S, Benjaber M, Lamb G, Noone T et al. ( 2020 ) . DyNeuMo Mk-2: An Investigational Circadian-Locked Neuromodulator with Responsive Stimulation for Applied Chronobiology . IEEE SMC'99 Conference Proceedings 1999 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (Cat No99CH37028) . Conference: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC) vol. 00 , 3433 - 3440 .

Scott SM, Simrén M, Farmer AD, Dinning PG, Carrington EV, Benninga MA, Burgell RE, Dimidi E et al. ( 2020 ) . Chronic constipation in adults: Contemporary perspectives and clinical challenges. 1: Epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical associations, pathophysiology and investigation . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 33 , ( 6 )

Glasbey JC, Omar O, Nepogodiev D, Minaya-Bravo A, Bankhead-Kendall BK, Fiore M, Futaba K, Gabre-Kidan A et al. ( 2020 ) . Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic . British Journal of Surgery vol. 108 , ( 1 ) 88 - 96 .

Rasijeff AMP, Garcia‐Zermeno K, Carrington EV, Knowles C, Scott SM ( 2020 ) . Systematic evaluation of cough‐anorectal pressure responses in health and in fecal incontinence: A high‐resolution anorectal manometry study . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 33 , ( 3 )

Knowles CH, de Wachter S, Engelberg S, Lehur P, Matzel KE, Zirpel L, Group TESE ( 2020 ) . The science behind programming algorithms for sacral neuromodulation . Colorectal Disease vol. 23 , ( 3 ) 592 - 602 .

Lee MJ, Dimairo M, Edwards J, Hawkins DJ, Hind D, Knowles CH, Hooper R, Brown SR et al. ( 2020 ) . Non‐randomized studies should be considered for assessing surgical techniques in rectal prolapse: prospective cohort study . Colorectal Disease vol. 22 , ( 12 ) 2170 - 2180 .

Vollebregt PF, Wiklendt L, Dinning PG, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2020 ) . Coexistent faecal incontinence and constipation: A cross-sectional study of 4027 adults undergoing specialist assessment . EClinicalMedicine vol. 27 ,

Glasbey JC, Nepogodiev D, Simoes J, Omar O, Li E, Venn ML, CovidSurg Collaborative ( 2020 ) . Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19 free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multi-centre, comparative cohort study . Journal of Clinical Oncology vol. 38 ,

Glasbey JC, Nepogodiev D, Omar O, Simoes JFF, Ademuyiwa A, Fiore M, Minaya-Bravo A, Shaw R et al. ( 2020 ) . Delaying surgery for patients with a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection . British Journal of Surgery

Leo CA, Leeuwenburgh M, Orlando A, Corr A, Scott SM, Murphy J, Knowles CH, Vaizey CJ et al. ( 2020 ) . Initial experience with SphinKeeper™ intersphincteric implants for faecal incontinence in the UK: a two‐centre retrospective clinical audit . Colorectal Disease vol. 22 , ( 12 ) 2161 - 2169 .

Collaborative E ( 2020 ) . Timing of nasogastric tube insertion and the risk of postoperative pneumonia: an international, prospective cohort study . Colorectal Disease vol. 22 , ( 12 ) 2288 - 2297 .

Group TALW ( 2020 ) . Legacy of COVID‐19 – the opportunity to enhance surgical services for patients with colorectal disease . Colorectal Disease vol. 22 , ( 10 ) 1219 - 1228 .

Knowles CH ( 2020 ) . Posterior Tibial Nerve Stimulation . Anorectal Physiology , Springer Nature

Sideris M, McCaughey T, Hanrahan JG, Arroyo-Manzano D, Zamora J, Jha S, Knowles CH, Thakar R et al. ( 2020 ) . Risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) and anal incontinence: A meta-analysis . European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology vol. 252 , 303 - 312 .

Dibley L, Hart A, Duncan J, Knowles CH, Kerry S, Lanz D, Madurasinghe VW, Wade T et al. ( 2020 ) . Clinician Administered and Self-Report Survey Both Effective for Identifying Fecal Incontinence in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease . Digestive Diseases and Sciences vol. 66 , ( 6 ) 2024 - 2031 .

Chaichanavichkij P, Vollebregt PF, Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2020 ) . Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of dyssynergic defaecation in adults: a systematic review . Colorectal Disease vol. 22 , ( 12 ) 1832 - 1841 .

El‐Dhuwaib Y, Pandyan A, Knowles CH ( 2020 ) . Epidemiological trends in surgery for rectal prolapse in England 2001–2012: an adult hospital population‐based study . Colorectal Disease vol. 22 , ( 10 ) 1359 - 1366 .

Manara J, Sandhu H, Wee M, Odutola A, Wainwright T, Knowles C, Middleton R ( 2020 ) . Prolonged operative time increases risk of blood loss and transfusion requirements in revision hip surgery . European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology vol. 30 , ( 7 ) 1181 - 1186 .

Vollebregt PF, Hooper RL, Farmer AD, Miller J, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2020 ) . Association between opioid usage and rectal dysfunction in constipation: A cross‐sectional study of 2754 patients . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 32 , ( 7 )

Lehur PA, Sørensen M, Dudding TC, Knowles CH, de Wachter S, Engelberg S, Matzel KE, Group TESE ( 2020 ) . Programming Algorithms for Sacral Neuromodulation: Clinical Practice and Evidence—Recommendations for Day‐to‐Day Practice . Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface vol. 23 , ( 8 ) 1121 - 1129 .

Kemppinen A, Howell C, Allgar V, Dodd M, Gregson J, Knowles C, McLaughlin J, Pandya P et al. ( 2020 ) . Randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled multi-centre study to assess the efficacy, tolerability and safety of Enterosgel® in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS-D) in adults . Trials vol. 21 , ( 1 )

Chapman SJ, Blanco-Colino R, Pérez-Ajates S, Bautista OA, Hodson J, Blanco-Colino R, Chapman SJ, Glasbey JC et al. ( 2020 ) . Safety of hospital discharge before return of bowel function after elective colorectal surgery . British Journal of Surgery vol. 107 , ( 5 ) 552 - 559 .

Adegbola S, Sarafian M, Sahnan K, Pechlivanis A, Phillips R, Knowles C, Haddow J, Warusavitarne J et al. ( 2020 ) . P345 Lack of anti-TNF drugs levels in fistula tissue: A reason for non-response in Crohn’s perianal fistula? . Journal of Crohn's and Colitis vol. 14 , ( Supplement_1 ) s330 - s331 .

Vollebregt PF, Wiklendt L, Ang D, Dinning PG, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2020 ) . Altered slow-wave pressure activity in low anterior resection syndrome: New mechanistic insight into pathophysiology? . NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY . vol. 32 ,

Vollebregt PF, Wiklendt L, Dinning PG, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2020 ) . Coexistence of faecal incontinence with constipation: An underappreciated clinical problem in adults. A phenotyping study of 4027 patients .

Chapman SJ, Clerc D, Blanco-Colino R, Otto A, Nepogodiev D, Pagano G, Schaeff V, Soares A et al. ( 2020 ) . Safety and efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce ileus after colorectal surgery . British Journal of Surgery vol. 107 , ( 2 ) e161 - e169 .

De Wachter S, Knowles CH, Elterman DS, Kennelly MJ, Lehur PA, Matzel KE, Engelberg S, Van Kerrebroeck PEV ( 2019 ) . New Technologies and Applications in Sacral Neuromodulation: An Update . Advances in Therapy vol. 37 , ( 2 ) 637 - 643 .

Cibert-Goton V, Kung VWS, McGuire C, Hockley JRF, Tranter MM, Dogra H, Belai A, Blackshaw LA et al. ( 2019 ) . Functional and anatomical deficits in visceral nociception with age: a mechanism of silent appendicitis in the elderly? . Pain vol. 161 , ( 4 ) 773 - 786 .

Haddow JB, Musbahi O, MacDonald TT, Knowles CH ( 2019 ) . Comparison of cytokine and phosphoprotein profiles in idiopathic and Crohn’s disease-related perianal fistula . World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology vol. 10 , ( 4 ) 42 - 53 .

Grossi U, Mercer-Jones M, Di Tanna GL, Knowles CH ( 2019 ) . Recalled stapler device, high complication rate, non validated scoring system and misquote from the STARR surgeons . Techniques in Coloproctology vol. 23 , ( 10 ) 1017 - 1018 .

Carrington EV, Heinrich H, Knowles CH, Fox M, Rao S, Altomare DF, Bharucha AE, Burgell R et al. ( 2019 ) . The international anorectal physiology working group (IAPWG) recommendations: Standardized testing protocol and the London classification for disorders of anorectal function . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 32 , ( 1 )

Knowles CH ( 2019 ) . Quality evidence on interventions for faecal incontinence . The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology vol. 4 , ( 9 ) 659 - 660 .

Grossi U, Di Tanna GL, Heinrich H, Taylor SA, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2019 ) . Letter: limitations of defecography among patients with refractory constipation. Authors' reply . Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics vol. 50 , ( 1 ) 112 - 113 .

Yiannakou Y, Etherson K, Close H, Kasim A, Mercer-Jones M, Plusa S, Maier R, Green S et al. ( 2019 ) . A randomized double-blinded sham-controlled cross-over trial of tined-lead sacral nerve stimulation testing for chronic constipation . European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology vol. 31 , ( 6 ) 653 - 660 .

Vollebregt P, Grossi U, McCaughan RP, Knowles C, Scott SM ( 2019 ) . Sa1660 – Coexistence of Fecal Incontinence and Constipation in Adults is an Underappreciated Clinical Problem . Gastroenterology vol. 156 , ( 6 ) s - 357 .

Vollebregt P, Scott SM, Miller J, Knowles C ( 2019 ) . Su1627 – Opioid Usage is Significantly Associated with Rectal Hyposensitivity and Functional Evacuation Disorders in Patients with Chronic Constipation . Gastroenterology vol. 156 , ( 6 )

PEARSE RM, Peden C, STEPHENS T, Martin G, KAHAN B, Thomson A, Rivett K, Wells D et al. ( 2019 ) . Effectiveness of a national quality improvement programme to improve survival after emergency abdominal surgery: A stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial . Lancet

VOLLEBREGT PF, RASIJEFF AMP, pares D, GROSSI U, CARRINGTON EV, KNOWLES CH, scott, SCOTT SM ( 2019 ) . Functional anal canal length measurement using high‐resolution anorectal manometry to investigate anal sphincter dysfunction in patients with fecal incontinence or constipation . Neurogastroenterology and Motility

Seth JH, Gonzales G, Haslam C, Pakzad M, Vashisht A, Sahai A, Knowles C, Tucker A et al. ( 2018 ) . Feasibility of using a novel non-invasive ambulatory tibial nerve stimulation device for the home-based treatment of overactive bladder symptoms . Translational Andrology and Urology vol. 7 , ( 6 ) 912 - 919 .

Stephens TJ, Peden CJ, Pearse RM, Shaw SE, Abbott TEF, Jones EL, Kocman D, Martin G ( 2018 ) . Improving care at scale: process evaluation of a multi-component quality improvement intervention to reduce mortality after emergency abdominal surgery (EPOCH trial) . Implementation Science vol. 13 , ( 1 )

Grossi U, Di Tanna GL, Heinrich H, Taylor SA, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2018 ) . Systematic review with meta‐analysis: defecography should be a first‐line diagnostic modality in patients with refractory constipation . Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics vol. 48 , ( 11-12 ) 1186 - 1201 .

Knowles CH, Bharucha AE ( 2018 ) . Chronic constipation . Keighley & Williams' Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, Fourth Edition: Two-volume set ,

Knowles CH ( 2018 ) . Preface: Functional disorders . Keighley & Williams' Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, Fourth Edition: Two-volume set ,

Bhangu A, Minaya-Bravo AM, Gallo G, Glasbey JC, Kamarajah S, Pinkney T, El-Hussuna A, Battersby NJ et al. ( 2018 ) . An international multicentre prospective audit of elective rectal cancer surgery; operative approach versus outcome, including transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) . Colorectal Disease vol. 20 , ( S6 ) 33 - 46 .

group TESOCC ( 2018 ) . Association of mechanical bowel preparation with oral antibiotics and anastomotic leak following left sided colorectal resection: an international, multi‐centre, prospective audit . Colorectal Disease vol. 20 , ( S6 ) 15 - 32 .

Battersby N, Glasbey JC, Neary P, Negoi I, Kamarajah S, Sgro A, Bhangu A, Pinkney T et al. ( 2018 ) . Evaluating the incidence of pathological complete response in current international rectal cancer practice: the barriers to widespread safe deferral of surgery . Colorectal Disease vol. 20 , ( S6 ) 58 - 68 .

Sánchez-Guillén L, Nepogodiev D, Sivrikoz E, van Elst T, Minaya A, Pata F, Glasbey J, Pinkney T et al. ( 2018 ) . Safety of primary anastomosis following emergency left sided colorectal resection: an international, multi-centre prospective audit . Colorectal Disease vol. 20 , 47 - 57 .

Committee ECSAA ( 2018 ) . The 2017 European Society of Coloproctology (ESCP) international snapshot audit of left colon, sigmoid and rectal resections – study protocol . Colorectal Disease vol. 20 , ( S6 ) 5 - 12 .

groups TAESOCC ( 2018 ) . The impact of conversion on the risk of major complication following laparoscopic colonic surgery: an international, multicentre prospective audit . Colorectal Disease vol. 20 , ( S6 ) 69 - 89 .

SANGER GJ, BROAD J, KUNG V, Palmer A, ELAHI S, Karami A, Darreh-Shori T, Ahmed S et al. ( 2018 ) . Changes in neuromuscular structure and functions of human colon during ageing are region-dependent . Gut

Hooper R, Knowles C ( 2018 ) . Improving the efficiency of individually randomized clinical trials by staggering the introduction of the intervention . Statistics in Medicine vol. 38 , ( 1 ) 44 - 52 .

Carrington EV, Knowles CH, Grossi U, Scott SM ( 2018 ) . High-resolution Anorectal Manometry Measures Are More Accurate Than Conventional Measures in Detecting Anal Hypocontractility in Women With Fecal Incontinence . Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology vol. 17 , ( 3 ) 477 - 485.e9 .

McAlees E, Vollebregt PF, Stevens N, Dudding TC, Emmanuel AV, Furlong PL, Hamdy S, Hooper RL et al. ( 2018 ) . Efficacy and mechanism of sub-sensory sacral (optimised) neuromodulation in adults with faecal incontinence: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial . Trials vol. 19 , ( 1 )

Knowles CH ( 2018 ) . Human studies of anorectal sensory function . Irish Journal of Medical Science vol. 187 , ( 4 ) 1143 - 1147 .

Norton C, Dibley L, Hart A, Duncan J, Emmanuel A, Knowles C, Kerry S, Lanz D et al. ( 2018 ) . PTU-004 Asking about bowel control problems in IBD: results of face-to-face screening versus self-reporting . Gut . Conference: IBD vol. 67 ,

Thapar N, Saliakellis E, Benninga MA, Borrelli O, Curry J, Faure C, De Giorgio R, Gupte G et al. ( 2018 ) . Paediatric Intestinal Pseudo‐obstruction . Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition vol. 66 , ( 6 ) 991 - 1019 .

Wilkinson‐Smith V, Bharucha AE, Emmanuel A, Knowles C, Yiannakou Y, Corsetti M ( 2018 ) . When all seems lost: management of refractory constipation—Surgery, rectal irrigation, percutaneous endoscopic colostomy, and more . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 30 , ( 5 )

Lee MJ, Fearnhead NS, Knowles CH, Brown SR ( 2018 ) . Waiting times . Colorectal Disease vol. 20 , ( 4 ) 348 - 349 .

Sadigh P, Burke J, Nikkhah D, Sammartino C, Puliatti C, Sivaprakasam R, Knowles C ( 2018 ) . ‘Abdominal reanimation’ and massive flank hernias: Moving towards a more functional reconstruction . Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery vol. 71 , ( 6 ) 941 - 943 .

Grossi U, Stevens N, McAlees E, Lacy-Colson J, Brown S, Dixon A, Di Tanna GL, Scott SM et al. ( 2018 ) . Stepped-wedge randomised trial of laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy in adults with chronic constipation: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial . Trials vol. 19 , ( 1 ) 90 - 90 .

Sahnan K, Tozer PJ, Adegbola SO, Lee MJ, Heywood N, McNair AGK, Hind D, Yassin N et al. ( 2018 ) . Developing a core outcome set for fistulising perianal Crohn’s disease . Gut vol. 68 , ( 2 )

Norton C, Hart A, Duncan J, Emmanuel A, Knowles C, Kerry S, Lanz D, Berdunov V et al. ( 2018 ) . P261 Asking about bowel control problems in IBD: Results of face-to-face screening vs. self-reporting . Journal of Crohn's and Colitis vol. 12 , ( supplement_1 ) s232 - s233 .

Leventi A, Clifford TFJ, Arnold A, Knowles CH, Martin JE ( 2018 ) . A case of sigmoid volvulus . Gut vol. 67 , ( 12 )

Knowles CH ( 2018 ) . The peritoneum, omentum, mesentery and retroperitoneal space . Edition ,

Matzel KE, Chartier‐Kastler E, Knowles CH, Lehur PA, Muñoz‐Duyos A, Ratto C, Rydningen MB, Sørensen M et al. ( 2017 ) . Sacral Neuromodulation: Standardized Electrode Placement Technique . Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface vol. 20 , ( 8 ) 816 - 824 .

Grossi U, Knowles CH, Mason J, Lacy‐Colson J, Brown SR, group TNCW, Society PF ( 2017 ) . Surgery for constipation: systematic review and practice recommendations . Colorectal Disease vol. 19 , ( S3 ) 37 - 48 .

KNOWLES CH ( 2017 ) . Surgery for constipation: systematic review and practice recommendations: Results V: Sacral Nerve Stimulation . Colorectal Disease vol. 19 , 92 - 100 .

Mercer-Jones MA, Brown SR, Knowles CH, Williams AB ( 2017 ) . Position Statement by The Pelvic Floor Society on behalf of The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland on the use of mesh in ventral mesh rectopexy (VMR) . Colorectal Dis

Knowles CH, Grossi U, Horrocks EJ, Pares D, Vollebregt PF, Chapman M, Brown SR, Mercer-Jones M et al. ( 2017 ) . Surgery for constipation: systematic review and clinical guidance: Paper 1: Introduction & Methods . Colorectal Dis vol. 19 Suppl 3 , 5 - 16 .

Knowles CH, Grossi U, Horrocks EJ, Pares D, Vollebregt PF, Chapman M, Brown S, Mercer-Jones M et al. ( 2017 ) . Surgery for constipation: systematic review and practice recommendations: Graded practice and future research recommendations . Colorectal Dis vol. 19 Suppl 3 , 101 - 113 .

Mercer-Jones M, Grossi U, Pares D, Vollebregt PF, Mason J, Knowles CH, NIHR CapaCiTY working group, Pelvic floor Society ( 2017 ) . Surgery for constipation: systematic review and practice recommendations: Results III: Rectal wall excisional procedures (Rectal Excision) . Colorectal Dis vol. 19 Suppl 3 , 49 - 72 .

Horrocks EJ, Chadi SA, Stevens NJ, Wexner SD, Knowles CH ( 2017 ) . Factors Associated With Efficacy of Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation for Fecal Incontinence, Based on Post-Hoc Analysis of Data From a Randomized Trial . Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology vol. 15 , ( 12 ) 1915 - 1921.e2 .

Parés D, Drami I, Adams K, Grossi U, Suliman I, Knowles CH ( 2017 ) . Use of the Harmonic scalpel for Delorme's procedure . Colorectal Disease vol. 19 , ( 6 ) o232 - o234 .

Devane LA, Lucking E, Evers J, Buffini M, Scott SM, Knowles CH, O'Connell PR, Jones JFX ( 2017 ) . Altered defaecatory behaviour and faecal incontinence in a video‐tracked animal model of pudendal neuropathy . Colorectal Disease vol. 19 , ( 5 ) o162 - o167 .

Carrington EV, Grossi U, Knowles C, Scott SM ( 2017 ) . 43 'Pelvic Floor Akinesia' - A Highly Specific Manometric Finding in Patients with Defecatory Dysfunction . Gastroenterology vol. 152 , ( 5 )

Emmett C, Close H, Mason J, Taheri S, Stevens N, Eldridge S, Norton C, Knowles C et al. ( 2017 ) . Low-volume versus high-volume initiated trans-anal irrigation therapy in adults with chronic constipation: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial . Trials vol. 18 , ( 1 )

Norton C, Emmanuel A, Stevens N, Scott SM, Grossi U, Bannister S, Eldridge S, Mason JM et al. ( 2017 ) . Habit training versus habit training with direct visual biofeedback in adults with chronic constipation: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial . Trials vol. 18 , ( 1 ) 139 - 139 .

Hockley JRF, González‐Cano R, McMurray S, Tejada‐Giraldez MA, McGuire C, Torres A, Wilbrey AL, Cibert‐Goton V et al. ( 2017 ) . Visceral and somatic pain modalities reveal NaV1.7‐independent visceral nociceptive pathways . The Journal of Physiology vol. 595 , ( 8 ) 2661 - 2679 .

Carrington EV, Heinrich H, Knowles CH, Rao SS, Fox M, Scott SM, Group TIAPWP ( 2017 ) . Methods of anorectal manometry vary widely in clinical practice: Results from an international survey . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 29 , ( 8 )

Dimidi E, Dibley L, Cotterill N, Scott M, Whelan K, Knowles CH, Norton C ( 2016 ) . Validated constipation symptom and quality-of-life measures neither reflect patient and clinician concerns nor use words familiar to patients . Gastrointestinal Nursing vol. 14 , ( 8 ) 29 - 38 .

Fikree A, Aktar R, Morris JK, Grahame R, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2016 ) . The association between Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome—hypermobility type and gastrointestinal symptoms in university students: a cross‐sectional study . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 29 , ( 3 )

McGuire C, Boundouki G, Hockley JR, Reed D, Cibert-Goton V, Peiris M, Kung V, Broad J et al. ( 2016 ) . Ex vivo study of human visceral nociceptors . GUT Article 27654583 , 1 - 11 .

Stevens N, Edwards L, Balayah Z, Hooper R, Knowles C ( 2016 ) . Risk based survey evidence supports electronic informed consent as a recruitment method for UK clinical trials . Journal of Clinical Epidemiology vol. 77 , 134 - 136 .

Jones J, Van de Putte D, De Ridder D, Knowles C, O'Connell R, Nelson D, Goessaert A-S, Everaert K ( 2016 ) . A Joint Mechanism of Action for Sacral Neuromodulation for Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction? . Urology vol. 97 , Article C , 13 - 19 .

Townsend DC, Carrington EV, Grossi U, Burgell RE, Wong JYJ, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2016 ) . Pathophysiology of fecal incontinence differs between men and women: a case-matched study in 200 patients . Neurogastroenterology and Motility

Palit S, Thin N, Knowles CH, Lunniss PJ, Bharucha AE, Scott SM ( 2016 ) . Diagnostic disagreement between tests of evacuatory function: a prospective study of 100 constipated patients . Neurogastroenterology and Motility

Rao SSC, Bharucha AE, Chiarioni G, Felt-Bersma R, Knowles C, Malcolm A, Wald A ( 2016 ) . Anorectal Disorders . Gastroenterology vol. 150 , ( 6 ) 1430 - 1442.e4 .

Etherson KJ, Horrocks EJ, Scott SM, Knowles CH, Yiannakou Y ( 2016 ) . A National Biofeedback Practitioners Service Evaluation: Focus on Chronic Idiopathic Constipation . Frontline Gastroenterology vol. 8 , ( 1 )

Kung V, Broad J, Carroll R, Knowles C, Sanger G ( 2016 ) . Effects of ageing on myenteric neuronal number and neuromuscular function in the human colon . The Lancet . vol. 387 ,

Knowles CH, Horrocks EJ, Stevens N, Norton C, Eldridge S ( 2016 ) . The CONFIDeNT trial – Authors' reply . The Lancet vol. 387 , ( 10019 ) 644 - 645 .

Evers J, Devane L, Carrington EV, Scott SM, Knowles CH, O'Connell PR, Jones JFX ( 2016 ) . Reversal of sensory deficit through sacral neuromodulation in an animal model of fecal incontinence . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 28 , ( 5 ) 665 - 673 .

Hockley JRF, Tranter MM, McGuire C, Bondouki G, Cibert-Goton V, Thaha MA, Blackshaw L, Michael GJ et al. ( 2016 ) . P2Y Receptors Sensitize Mouse and Human Colonic Nociceptors . Journal of Neuroscience vol. 36 , ( 8 ) Article 26911685 , 2364 - 2376 .

Knowles CH, Horrocks EJ, Stevens N, Norton C, Eldridge S ( 2016 ) . The CONFIDeNT trial Reply . LANCET vol. 387 , ( 10019 ) 644 - 645 .

Evers J, Carrington EV, Scott SM, Knowles CH, O'Connell PR, Jones JFX ( 2016 ) . The effect sacral neuromodulation on anal, perineal and rectal light-touch evoked potentials in the rat . IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE . vol. 185 , S93 - S94 .

Menys A, Butt S, Emmanuel A, Plumb AA, Fikree A, Knowles C, Atkinson D, Zarate N et al. ( 2015 ) . Comparative quantitative assessment of global small bowel motility using magnetic resonance imaging in chronic intestinal pseudo‐obstruction and healthy controls . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 28 , ( 3 ) 376 - 383 .

Devane LA, Evers J, Scott MS, Knowles CH, O'Connell P, Jones JFX ( 2015 ) . Acute lumbosacral nerve stimulation does not affect anorectal motor function in a rodent model . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 28 , ( 3 ) 358 - 363 .

Knowles CH ( 2015 ) . Colectomy for constipation—a time for renewed caution? . Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology vol. 12 , ( 12 ) 675 - 676 .

Pochopien M, Plisko R, Drzal R, Baran M, Sekiewicz B, Dudding T, Knowles C, Grifi M et al. ( 2015 ) . PMD85 Cost-Utility Analysis of Sacral Nerve Stimulation for The Treatment of Fecal Incontinence Refractory to Conservative Treatment: Looking for Optimal Treatment Path . Value in Health . vol. 18 ,

Seth J, Haslam C, Gonzales G, Pakzad M, Vashisht A, Elneil S, Sahai A, Knowles C et al. ( 2015 ) . SINGLE CENTRE RANDOMISED PILOT STUDY OF TWO REGIMENS (30 MINS DAILY OR 30 MINS WEEKLY FOR 12 WEEKS) OF TRANSCUTANEOUS TIBIAL NERVE STIMULATION USING A NOVEL DEVICE FOR TREATING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS-RELATED OVERACTIVE BLADDER SYMPTOMS . Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry . vol. 86 ,

Thomas GP, Duelund-Jakobsen J, Dudding TC, Bradshaw E, Nicholls RJ, Alam A, Emmanuel A, Thin N et al. ( 2015 ) . A double‐blinded randomized multicentre study to investigate the effect of changes in stimulation parameters on sacral nerve stimulation for constipation . Colorectal Disease vol. 17 , ( 11 ) 990 - 995 .

Norton C, Dibley LB, Hart A, Duncan J, Emmanuel A, Knowles CH, Stevens N, Terry H et al. ( 2015 ) . Faecal incontinence intervention study (FINS): self-management booklet information with or without nurse support to improve continence in people with inflammatory bowel disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial . Trials vol. 16 , ( 1 )

Rimmer CJ, Knowles CH, Lamparelli M, Durdey P, Lindsey I, Hunt L, Nugent K, Gill KA ( 2015 ) . Short-term Outcomes of a Randomized Pilot Trial of 2 Treatment Regimens of Transcutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation for Fecal Incontinence . Diseases of the Colon & Rectum vol. 58 , ( 10 ) 974 - 982 .

Carrington EV, Evers J, Scott SM, Knowles CH, O’Connell PR, Jones JFX ( 2015 ) . Mechanically evoked cortical potentials: A physiological approach to assessment of anorectal sensory pathways . Journal of Neuroscience Methods vol. 256 , 198 - 202 .

Horrocks EJ, Bremner SA, Stevens N, Norton C, Gilbert D, O'Connell PR, Eldridge S, Knowles CH ( 2015 ) . Double-blind randomised controlled trial of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation versus sham electrical stimulation in the treatment of faecal incontinence: CONtrol of Faecal Incontinence using Distal NeuromodulaTion (the CONFIDeNT trial) . Health Technology Assessment vol. 19 , ( 77 ) 1 - 164 .

Thaha MA, Abukar AA, Thin NN, Ramsanahie A, Knowles CH ( 2015 ) . Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation in adults . vol. 2015 , ( 8 )

Knowles CH, Horrocks EJ, Bremner SA, Stevens N, Norton C, O'Connell PR, Eldridge S, group OBOTCS ( 2015 ) . Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation versus sham electrical stimulation for the treatment of faecal incontinence in adults (CONFIDeNT): a double-blind, multicentre, pragmatic, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial . The Lancet vol. 386 , ( 10004 ) 1640 - 1648 .

Horrocks E, Bremner, Stevens N, Norton C, O’Connell P, Eldridge S, Knowles C ( 2015 ) . OC-007 Double blind randomised controlled trial of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation for the treatment of faecal incontinence in adults . Gut . vol. 64 ,

Dimidi E, Dibley L, Cotterill N, Knowles C, Scott S, Whelan K, Norton C ( 2015 ) . PTU-181 An exploratory qualitative study investigating patients’ experiences of constipation and how their self-reported symptoms and quality of life compare with currently available validated measures . Gut . vol. 64 ,

Kung V, Broad J, Machesney M, THAHA MA, Knowles CH, Sanger G ( 2015 ) . Preoperative chemotherapy does not appear to have short-term effects on human rectal neuromuscular functions . Gut . Conference: Digestive Disorders Federation 2015 ( London, UK ) from: 22/06/2015 to: 26/06/2015 , vol. Suppl 1 , A584 - A584 .

Horrocks E, Bremner SA, Stevens N, Norton C, Eldridge S, Knowles CH ( 2015 ) . 928 Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial of Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation (PTNS) VS. Sham Electrical Stimulation in the Treatment of Faecal Incontinence . Gastroenterology vol. 148 , ( 4 ) s - 177 .

Botha C, Farmer AD, Nilsson M, Brock C, Gavrila AD, Drewes AM, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2015 ) . Preliminary report: modulation of parasympathetic nervous system tone influences oesophageal pain hypersensitivity . Gut vol. 64 , ( 4 ) 611 - 617 .

Carrington EV, Heinrich H, Fox MR, Rao SS, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2015 ) . Sa1363 International Survey of Methods for Anorectal Manometry: An Exploration of Variability in Current Practice . Gastroenterology vol. 148 , ( 4 ) s - 304 .

Carrington EV, Tangenberg E, Horrocks E, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2015 ) . Sa1364 Prospective Comparison of Test Performance Between Traditional and High-Resolution Anal Manometry (HRAM) in Female Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Fecal Incontinence . Gastroenterology vol. 148 , ( 4 ) s - 305 .

Cibert-Goton V, Kung VW, Hockley JR, Blackshaw A, Knowles CH, Sanger GJ, Bulmer DC ( 2015 ) . Tu1873 Evidence for Reduced Visceral Nociceptors Activation With Age During Appendicitis . Gastroenterology vol. 148 , ( 4 )

Fikree A, Aktar R, Grahame R, Hakim AJ, Morris JK, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2015 ) . Functional gastrointestinal disorders are associated with the joint hypermobility syndrome in secondary care: a case–control study . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 27 , ( 4 ) 569 - 579 .

Maeda Y, O'Connell PR, Lehur P, Matzel KE, Laurberg S, Group ESBS ( 2015 ) . Sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence and constipation: a European consensus statement . Colorectal Disease vol. 17 , ( 4 ) o74 - o87 .

Bulmer DC, Botha CA, Wheeldon A, Grey K, Mein CA, Lee K, Knowles CH, Winchester WJ et al. ( 2015 ) . Evidence of a role for GTP cyclohydrolase‐1 in visceral pain . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 27 , ( 5 ) 656 - 662 .

Grossi U, Carrington EV, Bharucha AE, Horrocks EJ, Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2015 ) . Diagnostic accuracy study of anorectal manometry for diagnosis of dyssynergic defecation . Gut vol. 65 , ( 3 )

Hayat JO, Gabieta-Somnez S, Yazaki E, Kang J-Y, Woodcock A, Dettmar P, Mabary J, Knowles CH et al. ( 2015 ) . Pepsin in saliva for the diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease . Gut vol. 64 , ( 3 ) 373 - 380 .

Altomare DF, Giuratrabocchetta S, Knowles CH, Duyos AM, Robert-Yap J, Matzel KE, De Miguel Velasco M, Rosen H et al. ( 2015 ) . Long-term outcomes of sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence . British Journal of Surgery vol. 102 , ( 4 ) 407 - 415 .

Thin NN, Taylor SJC, Bremner SA, Emmanuel AV, Hounsome N, Williams NS, Knowles CH, Alam A et al. ( 2015 ) . Randomized clinical trial of sacral versus percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation in patients with faecal incontinence . British Journal of Surgery vol. 102 , ( 4 ) 349 - 358 .

Horrocks E, Bremner SA, Stevens N, Norton C, Eldridge S, Knowles CH ( 2015 ) . Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial of Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation (PTNS) VS. Sham Electrical Stimulation in the Treatment of Faecal Incontinence . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 148 , S177 - S177 .

Horrocks EJ, Bremner SA, Stevens N, Norton C, O'Connell PR, Eldridge S, Knowles CH ( 2015 ) . Double blind randomised controlled trial of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) vs sham electrical stimulation in the treatment of faecal incontinence. (ISRCTN: 88559475) . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 102 , 5 - 5 .

Haddow JB, Musbahi O, Julka P, Knowles CH, Parsai A ( 2015 ) . Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI to evaluate idiopathic and Crohn's perianal fistula: a pilot study . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 102 , 16 - 16 .

Cibert-Goton V, Kung VW, Hockley JR, Blackshaw A, Knowles CH, Sanger GJ, Bulmer DC ( 2015 ) . Evidence for Reduced Visceral Nociceptors Activation With Age During Appendicitis . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 148 , S924 - S925 .

Shamsiddinova A, Horrocks EJ, Mackenzie H, Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2015 ) . Fowler's syndrome of the anorectum? . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 102 , 38 - 38 .

Grossi U, Hotouras A, Horrocks E, Allison M, Chan CL, Knowles CH ( 2015 ) . Home-Based Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation for Fecal Incontinence . Annals of Surgery vol. 261 , ( 1 )

Hotouras A, Murphy J, Allison M, Curry A, Williams NS, Knowles CH, Chan CL ( 2014 ) . Prospective clinical audit of two neuromodulatory treatments for fecal incontinence: sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) . Surg Today vol. 44 , ( 11 ) 2124 - 2130 .

Hotouras A, Murphy J, Allison M, Curry A, Williams NS, Knowles CH, Chan CL ( 2014 ) . Prospective clinical audit of two neuromodulatory treatments for fecal incontinence: sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) . Surgery Today vol. 44 , ( 11 ) 2124 - 2130 .

Fikree A, Grahame R, Aktar R, Farmer AD, Hakim AJ, Morris JK, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2014 ) . A prospective evaluation of undiagnosed joint hypermobility syndrome in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms . Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol vol. 12 , ( 10 ) 1680 - 87.e2 .

Hockley JRF, Boundouki G, Cibert-Goton V, McGuire C, Yip PK, Chan C, Tranter M, Wood JN et al. ( 2014 ) . Multiple roles for Na<inf>V</inf>1.9 in the activation of visceral afferents by noxious inflammatory, mechanical, and human disease-derived stimuli . Pain vol. 155 , ( 10 ) 1962 - 1975 .

Hockley JRF, Boundouki G, Cibert-Goton V, McGuire C, Yip PK, Chan C, Tranter M, Wood JN et al. ( 2014 ) . Multiple roles for NaV1.9 in the activation of visceral afferents by noxious inflammatory, mechanical, and human disease-derived stimuli . Pain vol. 155 , ( 10 ) 1962 - 1975 .

Carrington EV, Evers J, Grossi U, Dinning PG, Scott SM, O'Connell PR, Jones JFX, Knowles CH ( 2014 ) . A systematic review of sacral nerve stimulation mechanisms in the treatment of fecal incontinence and constipation . Neurogastroenterol Motil vol. 26 , ( 9 ) 1222 - 1237 .

Carrington EV, Grossi U, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2014 ) . Normal values for high-resolution anorectal manometry: a time for consensus and collaboration . Neurogastroenterol Motil vol. 26 , ( 9 ) 1356 - 1357 .

Palit S, Bhan C, Lunniss PJ, Boyle DJ, Gladman MA, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2014 ) . Evacuation proctography: a reappraisal of normal variability . Colorectal Dis vol. 16 , ( 7 ) 538 - 546 .

Grossi U, Carrington EV, Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2014 ) . Sacral neuromodulation for anorectal dysfunction secondary to congenital imperforate anus: report of two cases . Int J Colorectal Dis vol. 29 , ( 7 ) 889 - 890 .

Haddow J, Adwan H, Clark S, Tayeh S, Antonowicz S, Jayia P, Chicken D, Wiggins T et al. ( 2014 ) . Use of the surgical Apgar score to guide postoperative care . Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England vol. 96 , ( 5 ) 352 - 358 .

Hayat J, Gabieta-Somnez S, Yazaki E, Kang J-Y, Woodcock A, Dettmar P, Mabary J, Knowles C et al. ( 2014 ) . PTU-152 Pepsin In Saliva For The Diagnosis Of Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease . Gut vol. 63 , ( Suppl 1 )

Fikree A, Aktar R, Farmer A, Grahame R, Knowles C, Aziz Q ( 2014 ) . PWE-160 The Joint Hypermobility Syndrome Is Associated With Functional Dyspepsia And Reflux And Identifies A Subgroup With Somatisation, Chronic Pain And Worse Quality Of Life . Gut vol. 63 , ( Suppl 1 )

Etherson K, Horrocks E, Scott M, Knowles CH, Yiannakou Y ( 2014 ) . PWE-172 A National Biofeedback Practitioners Service Evaluation . Gut vol. 63 Suppl 1 ,

Thin NN, Taylor SJ, Bremner SA, Hounsome N, Bannister SM, Williams NS, Allison M, Emmanuel A et al. ( 2014 ) . 882 Randomised Mixed Methods Trial of Sacral and Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation for Faecal Incontinence . Gastroenterology . vol. 146 , s - 154 .

Carrington EV, Tangenberg E, Horrocks E, Palit S, Knowles CH, Scot SM ( 2014 ) . Mo2004 Squeeze Profile -A Novel and Improved Measure of Anal Function Using High-Resolution Anal Manometry . Gastroenterology vol. 146 , ( 5 ) s - 714 .

Peiris M, Reed DE, Broadhead A, Knowles CH, Bulmer DC, Blackshaw A ( 2014 ) . Mo2030 Role of Kv7 Potassium Channels in Excitation of Human Colonic Afferents . Gastroenterology vol. 146 , ( 5 ) s - 722 .

Hotouras A, Murphy J, Walsh U, Allison M, Curry A, Williams NS, Knowles C, Chan CL ( 2014 ) . Outcome of Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation (PTNS) for Fecal Incontinence . Annals of Surgery vol. 259 , ( 5 ) 939 - 943 .

Fikree A, Aktar R, Farmer AD, Grahame R, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2014 ) . Sa1330 The Joint Hypermobility Syndrome Is Associated With Functional Dyspepsia and Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disorders and Identifies A Subgroup With Multiple Extra-Intestinal Symptoms and Worse Quality of Life . Gastroenterology vol. 146 , ( 5 ) s - 264 .

Broad J, Kung VW, Greene-Diniz R, Knowles CH, Sanger GJ ( 2014 ) . Sa2043 Regionally-Specific Changes in Human Colonic Neuromuscular Activity With Advanced Age . Gastroenterology vol. 146 , ( 5 ) s - 362 .

Hotouras A, Murphy J, Abeles A, Allison M, Williams NS, Knowles CH, Chan CL ( 2014 ) . Symptom distribution and anorectal physiology results in male patients with rectal intussusception and prolapse . Journal of Surgical Research vol. 188 , ( 1 ) 298 - 302 .

Hotouras A, Murphy J, Abeles A, Allison M, Williams NS, Knowles CH, Chan CL ( 2014 ) . Symptom distribution and anorectal physiology results in male patients with rectal intussusception and prolapse . J Surg Res vol. 188 , ( 1 ) 298 - 302 .

Carrington EV, Brokjaer A, Craven H, Zarate N, Horrocks EJ, Palit S, Jackson W, Duthie GS et al. ( 2014 ) . Traditional measures of normal anal sphincter function using high-resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM) in 115 healthy volunteers . Neurogastroenterol Motil vol. 26 , ( 5 ) 625 - 635 .

Hollins L, Hawdon J, Auckland G, Roberts J, Jago A, Knowles C, Peters J, Green J et al. ( 2014 ) . Service design. Down a new patient pathway . Health Service Journal vol. 124 , ( 6382 )

Broadhead A, Mcguire C, Reed D, Peiris M, Knowles CH, Kurtz CB, Silos-Santiago A, Bulmer D et al. ( 2014 ) . Activation of guanylate cyclase C inhibits human and mouse intestinal afferent mechanosensitivity but not chemosensitivity . NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY vol. 26 , 32 - 32 .

Evers J, Devane L, Carrington EV, Scott SM, Knowles CH, O'Connell PR, Jones JFX ( 2014 ) . Effects of stimulation frequency and intensity in sacral neuromodulation on anorectal inputs to the somatosensory cortex in an experimental model . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY vol. 101 , ( 10 ) 1317 - 1328 .

Kung VWS, Broad J, Sanger GJ, Knowles CH ( 2014 ) . Gender- and regionally-specific decline in colonic neuromuscular activity with advanced age . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 101 , 3 - 3 .

Noyce AJ, Bestwick JP, Silveira-Moriyama L, Hawkes CH, Knowles CH, Hardy J, Giovannoni G, Nageshwaran S et al. ( 2014 ) . PREDICT-PD: Identifying risk of Parkinson's disease in the community: methods and baseline results . JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY vol. 85 , ( 1 ) 31 - 37 .

Horrocks EJ, Jordan P, Burgell R, Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2014 ) . Post-partum defecatory dysfunction: a complex problem involving co-existing faecal incontinence and constipation . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 101 , 12 - 13 .

Thin NN, Taylor SJC, Bremner SA, Hounsome N, Williams NS, Bannister S, Allison ME, Alam A et al. ( 2014 ) . Prospective randomised mixed methods pilot trial of sacral and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 101 , 10 - 10 .

Farmer AD, Coen SJ, Kano M, Naqvi H, Paine PA, Scott SM, Furlong PL, Lightman SL et al. ( 2014 ) . Psychophysiological responses to visceral and somatic pain in functional chest pain identify clinically relevant pain clusters . Neurogastroenterol Motil vol. 26 , ( 1 ) 139 - 148 .

Carrington EV, Horrocks EJ, Burgell R, Bjerke A, Connolly S, Scott SM, Jones JFX, O'Connell PR et al. ( 2014 ) . Quality of anal evoked potential (AEP) recordings is reduced in patients with faecal incontinence (FI): evidence of central sensory pathway dysfunction? . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 101 , 11 - 11 .

Broad J, Kung VW, Greene-Diniz R, Knowles CH, Sanger GJ ( 2014 ) . Regionally-Specific Changes in Human Colonic Neuromuscular Activity With Advanced Age . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 146 , S362 - S362 .

Peiris M, Reed DE, Broadhead A, Knowles CH, Bulmer DC, Blackshaw A ( 2014 ) . Role of Kv7 Potassium Channels in Excitation of Human Colonic Afferents . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 146 , S722 - S722 .

Townsend DC, Carrington EV, Burgell R, Horrocks EJ, Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2014 ) . Sex differences in features of anorectal dysfunction: a consecutive study of 100 males and 100 females presenting for investigation of faecal incontinence . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 101 , 36 - 36 .

Carrington EV, Tangenberg E, Horrocks E, Palit S, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2014 ) . Squeeze Profile - A Novel and Improved Measure of Anal Function Using High-Resolution Anal Manometry . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 146 , S714 - S714 .

Horrocks EJ, Thin N, Thaha MA, Taylor SJC, Norton C, Knowles CH ( 2014 ) . Systematic review of tibial nerve stimulation to treat faecal incontinence . British Journal of Surgery

Fikree A, Aktar R, Farmer AD, Grahame R, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2014 ) . The Joint Hypermobility Syndrome Is Associated With Functional Dyspepsia and Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Disorders and Identifies A Subgroup With Multiple Extra-Intestinal Symptoms and Worse Quality of Life . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 146 , S264 - S264 .

Shribman SE, Noyce AJ, Martin JE, Giovannoni G, Knowles CH ( 2014 ) . The distribution of α-synuclein in the enteric nervous system: An immunohistochemical study on colonic resections from 24 control and 4 Parkinson's disease patients . MOVEMENT DISORDERS . vol. 29 , 1839 - 1839 .

Horrocks EJ, Scott SM, Burgell RE, Carrington EV, Yerragorla P, Knowles CH ( 2014 ) . Under-recognised co-existence of constipation and faecal incontinence in the adult population: a large single-centre experience . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 101 , 45 - 45 .

Broad J, Kung VWS, Boundouki G, Aziz Q, De Maeyer JH, Knowles CH, Sanger GJ ( 2013 ) . Cholinergic interactions between donepezil and prucalopride in human colon: potential to treat severe intestinal dysmotility . Br J Pharmacol vol. 170 , ( 6 ) 1253 - 1261 .

Farmer AD, Coen SJ, Kano M, Paine PA, Shwahdi M, Jafari J, Kishor J, Worthen SF et al. ( 2013 ) . Psychophysiological responses to pain identify reproducible human clusters . Pain vol. 154 , ( 11 ) 2266 - 2276 .

Thin NN, Horrocks EJ, Hotouras A, Palit S, Thaha MA, Chan CLH, Matzel KE, Knowles CH ( 2013 ) . Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of neuromodulation in the treatment of faecal incontinence . British Journal of Surgery vol. 100 , ( 11 ) 1430 - 1447 .

Hotouras A, Murphy J, Thin NN, Allison M, Horrocks E, Williams NS, Knowles CH, Chan CL ( 2013 ) . Outcome of sacral nerve stimulation for fecal incontinence in patients refractory to percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation . Dis Colon Rectum vol. 56 , ( 7 ) 915 - 920 .

Horrocks E, Jordan P, Burgell R, Scott M, Knowles C ( 2013 ) . PTU-051 Post-Partum Defecatory Dysfunction: A Complex Problem Involving Co-Existing Faecal Incontinence and Rectal Evacuatory Disorder . Gut . vol. 62 ,

Lahiri RP, Abeles A, Burnand KM, Alazawi W, Bhattacharya S, Foster GR, Knowles CH ( 2013 ) . A cross sectional study of colonic diverticulosis in the London Bangladeshi population . United European Gastroenterol J vol. 1 , ( 3 ) 191 - 197 .

McGuire C, Harrington AM, Hubball A, McPhail H, Peiris M, Bulmer DC, Knowles CH, Blackshaw LA ( 2013 ) . 257 Anatomical Sensory Nerve Markers in Human Gut . Gastroenterology vol. 144 , ( 5 ) s - 56 .

Athanasakos EP, Kemal KI, Malliwal RS, Scott SM, Williams NS, Aziz Q, Ward HC, Knowles CH ( 2013 ) . Clinical and psychosocial functioning in adolescents and young adults with anorectal malformations and chronic idiopathic constipation . Br J Surg vol. 100 , ( 6 ) 832 - 839 .

McGuire C, Boundouki G, Peiris M, Blackshaw LA, Knowles CH, Bulmer DC ( 2013 ) . Mo1815 Identification of a Distinct Population of Human Visceral Nociceptors . Gastroenterology vol. 144 , ( 5 ) s - 670 .

Fikree A, Aktar R, Wellstead G, Morris JK, Knowles CH, Grahame R, Aziz Q ( 2013 ) . Mo2067 The Association Between Gastrointestinal Symptoms and the Joint Hypermobility Syndrome in a Population of University Students . Gastroenterology vol. 144 , ( 5 ) s - 732 .

Carrington EV, Hobson A, Knowles CH, Lunniss PJ, Scott SM ( 2013 ) . Mo2109 Characterization of Transient Anal Sphincter Relaxations (TASRs) Health Using High Resolution Anorectal Manometry: Redefining the Sampling Reflex? . Gastroenterology vol. 144 , ( 5 ) s - 745 .

Horrocks E, Carrington EV, Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2013 ) . Sa2032 Anal Evoked Potentials At ‘Twitch’ Threshold: A New Method for Exploration of Anal Sensory Function . Gastroenterology vol. 144 , ( 5 ) s - 364 .

Peiris M, Masding A, Galanakis V, Bulmer DC, Knowles CH, Blackshaw LA ( 2013 ) . Sa2070 Specific Pathways of Nutrient Activation in Human and Mouse Enteroendocrine Eells . Gastroenterology vol. 144 , ( 5 ) s - 374 .

Fikree A, Aktar R, Glasgow LE, Gillespie KV, Farmer AD, Grahame R, Morris JK, Knowles CH et al. ( 2013 ) . Su2038 The Association Between Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and the Joint Hypermobility Syndrome – Connective Tissue Is the Missing Link! . Gastroenterology vol. 144 , ( 5 ) s - 539 .

Hockley JR, Cibert-Goton V, Boundouki G, Wood J, Knowles CH, Baker MD, Winchester W, Bulmer DC ( 2013 ) . Tu2121 Mechanotransduction in Mouse Visceral Afferent Fibres Is Modulated by Nav1.9 . Gastroenterology vol. 144 , ( 5 ) s - 935 .

Bulmer DC, Botha CA, Winchester W, Blackshaw LA, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2013 ) . Tu2122 Healthy Volunteers With the Pain Protective GTP Cyclohydrolase-1 Haplotype Who Sensitise to Oesophageal Acidification Possess Significantly Higher Pain Thresholds . Gastroenterology vol. 144 , ( 5 ) s - 935 .

Knowles CH, Lindberg G, Panza E, De Giorgio R ( 2013 ) . New perspectives in the diagnosis and management of enteric neuropathies . Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol vol. 10 , ( 4 ) 206 - 218 .

Aiken AM, Haddow JB, Symons NRA, Kaptanis S, Katz-Summercorn AC, Debnath D, Dent H, Tayeh S et al. ( 2013 ) . Use of antibiotic prophylaxis in elective inguinal hernia repair in adults in London and south-east England: a cross-sectional survey . Hernia vol. 17 , ( 5 ) 657 - 664 .

McGuire C, Harrington AM, Hubball A, McPhail H, Peiris M, Bulmer DC, Knowles CH, Blackshaw LA ( 2013 ) . Anatomical Sensory Nerve Markers in Human Gut . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 144 , S56 - S56 .

Martin JE, Duraisamy Y, West M, Chowdhury DATM, Rahman M, Rowberry P, Broad J, Minassian B et al. ( 2013 ) . Glycogen metabolism pathway defects produce gastrointestinal myopathy with polyglucosan bodies: an explanation for the neuropathology and symptoms of gastrointestinal neuromuscular disorder . NEUROPATHOLOGY AND APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY . vol. 39 , 25 - 25 .

Bulmer DC, Botha CA, Winchester W, Blackshaw LA, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2013 ) . Healthy Volunteers With the Pain Protective GTP Cyclohydrolase-1 Haplotype Who Sensitise to Oesophageal Acidification Possess Significantly Higher Pain Thresholds . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 144 , S935 - S935 .

McGuire C, Boundouki G, Peiris M, Blackshaw LA, Knowles CH, Bulmer DC ( 2013 ) . Identification of a Distinct Population of Human Visceral Nociceptors . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 144 , S670 - S670 .

Fikree A, Aziz Q, Ahmed M, Mohammed S, Knowles CH, Scott M ( 2013 ) . JOINT HYPERMOBILITY SYNDROME, RECTAL HYPOSENSITIVITY AND SEVERE CONSTIPATION IN YOUNG NULLIPAROUS FEMALES . GUT . vol. 62 , A98 - A98 .

Hockley JR, Cibert-Goton V, Boundouki G, Wood J, Knowles CH, Baker MD, Winchester W, Bulmer DC ( 2013 ) . Mechanotransduction in Mouse Visceral Afferent Fibres Is Modulated by Nav1.9 . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 144 , S935 - S935 .

Kondo T, Oshima T, Tomita T, Fukui H, Watari J, Okada H, Kikuchi S, Sasako M et al. ( 2013 ) . Prostaglandin E₂ mediates acid-induced heartburn in healthy volunteers . AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY vol. 304 , ( 6 ) G568 - G573 .

Peiris M, Masding A, Galanakis V, Bulmer DC, Knowles CH, Blackshaw LA ( 2013 ) . Specific Pathways of Nutrient Activation in Human and Mouse Enteroendocrine Eells . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 144 , S374 - S374 .

Fikree A, Aktar R, Gillespie KV, Glasgow LE, Morris JK, Farmer A, Grahame R, Knowles CH et al. ( 2013 ) . THE ASSOCIATION OF THE JOINT HYPERMOBILITY SYNDROME WITH FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS - AN INTERESTING NEW FINDING THAT MAY EXPLAIN AETIOLOGY . GUT . vol. 62 , A97 - A97 .

Fikree A, Aktar R, Glasgow LE, Gillespie KV, Farmer AD, Grahame R, Morris JK, Knowles CH et al. ( 2013 ) . The Association Between Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and the Joint Hypermobility Syndrome - Connective Tissue Is the Missing Link! . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 144 , S539 - S539 .

Fikree A, Aktar R, Wellstead G, Morris JK, Knowles CH, Grahame R, Aziz Q ( 2013 ) . The Association Between Gastrointestinal Symptoms and the Joint Hypermobility Syndrome in a Population of University Students . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 144 , S732 - S732 .

Sanger GJ, Broad J, Kung V, Knowles CH ( 2013 ) . Translational neuropharmacology: the use of human isolated gastrointestinal tissues . Br J Pharmacol vol. 168 , ( 1 ) 28 - 43 .

Bryant C, Lunniss PJ, Knowles CH, Thaha MA, Chan CLH ( 2012 ) . Anterior resection syndrome . Lancet Oncology vol. 13 , ( 9 ) e403 - e408 .

Hotouras A, Thaha MA, Boyle DJ, Allison ME, Currie A, Knowles CH, Chan CLH ( 2012 ) . Short-term outcome following percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence: a single-centre prospective study . Colorectal Dis vol. 14 , ( 9 ) 1101 - 1105 .

Hubball AW, Lang B, Souza MAN, Curran OD, Martin JE, Knowles CH ( 2012 ) . Voltage-gated potassium channel (K(v) 1) autoantibodies in patients with chagasic gut dysmotility and distribution of K(v) 1 channels in human enteric neuromusculature (autoantibodies in GI dysmotility) . Neurogastroenterol Motil vol. 24 , ( 8 ) 719 - e344 .

Bryant CLC, Murphy J, THAHA MA, Chan CLH, Knowles CH, Williams NS ( 2012 ) . Anterior perineal plane for ultra-low anterior resection of the rectum (The APPEAR Technique)clinical, functional, and oncological medium term outcomes . Conference: Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain & Ireland ( Dublin ) from: 01/07/2012 to: 03/07/2012 , vol. 14 , 17 - 17 .

Hotouras A, Allison M, Currie A, Knowles CH, Chan CLC, Thaha MA ( 2012 ) . Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation (PTNS) for faecal incontinence: a video demonstration . Diseases of the Colon and Rectum vol. 6 , ( 55 ) 711 - 713 .

Peiris M, Atiba MA, Hubball A, Bulmer DC, Knowles CH, Blackshaw LA ( 2012 ) . 1104 Molecular Aspects of Nutrient Sensing in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract . Gastroenterology vol. 142 , ( 5 ) s - 199 .

Botha CA, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2012 ) . Sa1386 Anxiety and Sympathetic Nervous System Activation are Associated With the Development of Human Esophageal Pain Hypersensitivity . Gastroenterology vol. 142 , ( 5 ) s - 290 .

Duraisamy Y, West M, Knowles CH, Akman HO, DiMauro S, Rahman MM, Minassian B, Martin J ( 2012 ) . Tu1996 Glycogen Metabolism Defects Produce Gastrointestinal Myopathy With Polyglucosan Bodies . Gastroenterology vol. 142 , ( 5 ) s - 897 .

Chua YC, Ng KS, Sharma A, Jafari J, Surguy S, Yazaki E, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2012 ) . Randomised clinical trial: pregabalin attenuates the development of acid-induced oesophageal hypersensitivity in healthy volunteers - a placebo-controlled study . Aliment Pharmacol Ther vol. 35 , ( 3 ) 319 - 326 .

Thin NN, Knowles C, Allison M ( 2012 ) . Sacral nerve stimulation in patients with faecal incontinence . Gastrointestinal Nursing vol. 10 , ( 1 ) 36 - 44 .

Noyce A, Silveira-Moriyama L, Lees AJ, Schrag A, Bestwick J, Hawkes CH, Giovannoni G, Hardy J et al. ( 2012 ) . A PILOT STUDY OF AN ALGORITHM DESIGNED TO IDENTIFY PARKINSON'S DISEASE IN THE EARLY, NON-MOTOR PHASE . JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY . vol. 83 ,

Noyce A, Bestwick J, Hawkes CH, Knowles CH, Hardy J, Lees AJ, Silveira-Moriyama L, Giovannoni G et al. ( 2012 ) . AN ALGORITHM TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUALS AT HIGH-RISK OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE IN THE COMMUNITY . JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY . vol. 83 ,

Botha CA, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2012 ) . Anxiety and Sympathetic Nervous System Activation are Associated With the Development of Human Esophageal Pain Hypersensitivity . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 142 , S290 - S290 .

Panza E, Knowles CH, Graziano C, Thapar N, Burns AJ, Seri M, Stanghellini V, De Giorgio R ( 2012 ) . Genetics of human enteric neuropathies . PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY vol. 96 , ( 2 ) 176 - 189 .

Duraisamy Y, West M, Knowles CH, Akman HO, DiMauro S, Rahman MM, Minassian B, Martin J ( 2012 ) . Glycogen Metabolism Defects Produce Gastrointestinal Myopathy With Polyglucosan Bodies . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 142 , S897 - S897 .

Martin JE, Chowdhury ATMD, McElwaine S, Fikree A, Minassian B, Broad J, Knowles CH, Allen L et al. ( 2012 ) . Intestinal Glycogen Storage Disease, and the Molecular Basis of Pseudo-obstruction with Polyglucosan Bodies . JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY . vol. 226 , S24 - S24 .

Peiris M, Atiba MA, Hubball A, Bulmer DC, Knowles CH, Blackshaw LA ( 2012 ) . Molecular Aspects of Nutrient Sensing in the Human Gastrointestinal Tract . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 142 , S199 - S199 .

Palit S, Thin NN, Knowles CH, Scott SM, Lunniss PJ ( 2012 ) . Prospective comparison of balloon expulsion, anorectal manometry and evacuation proctography for the diagnosis of evacuatory dysfunction . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 99 , 28 - 28 .

KNOWLES CH, Knowles CH, Thin N, Gill K, Bhan C, Grimmer K, Lunniss PJ, Williams NS et al. ( 2012 ) . Prospective randomized double-blind study of temporary sacral nerve stimulation in patients with rectal evacuatory dysfunction and rectal hyposensitivity . Annals of Surgery vol. 255 , ( 4 ) 643 - 649 .

MURPHY J, Knowles CH, Bhan C, Scott SM, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ ( 2012 ) . The effects of age and parity on anal sphincter function and morphology in 999 symptomatic female patients with colorectal dysfunction . Dis. Col. Rect. vol. 3 , ( 55 ) 286 - 293 .

Hotouras A, Thaha MA, Boyle D, Allison M, Currie A, Knowles CH, Chan CLH ( 2011 ) . Short-term outcomes following percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) for faecal incontinence: A single-centre prospective study . Colorectal Disease

Knowles CH, Martin JE ( 2011 ) . Enteric neuromuscular pathology update . Gastroenterol Clin North Am vol. 40 , ( 4 ) 695 - 713 .

Lindsey I, Knowles C ( 2011 ) . Abdominal surgery for chronic constipation . Colorectal Disease vol. 13 , ( 12 ) 1325 - 1325 .

Knowles CH, De Giorgio R, IWG ( 2011 ) . The London Classification of gastrointestinal neuromuscular pathology: a little more flexibility would be wise ... response . GUT vol. 60 , ( 10 ) 1437 - 1438 .

Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2011 ) . Constipation: Dried plums (prunes) for the treatment of constipation . Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol vol. 8 , ( 6 ) 306 - 307 .

Martin JE, Chowdhury AH, McElwaine S, Fikree A, Broad J, Knowles CH, Allen L, Bevan S et al. ( 2011 ) . A Novel Phenotype of Glycogen Storage Disease Presenting as Gastrointestinal Neuromuscular Disease . Gastroenterology vol. 140 , ( 5 ) s - 705 .

Carrington EV, Burgell R, Lelic D, Surguy S, Drewes AM, Aziz Q, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2011 ) . Assessment of Rectal Afferent Neuronal Function Using Evoked Potentials in Patients With Constipation and Rectal Hyposensitivity – A Pilot Study . Gastroenterology vol. 140 , ( 5 ) s - 530 .

Botha CA, Naqvi H, Chua YC, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2011 ) . Effect of Autonomic Modulation on Human Esophageal Pain Hypersensitivity . Gastroenterology vol. 140 , ( 5 ) s - 164 .

Rovedatti L, Di Sabatino A, Knowles CH, Sengupta N, Biancheri P, Corazza GR, MacDonald TT ( 2011 ) . Fibroblast activation protein expression in Crohn's disease strictures . Inflamm Bowel Dis vol. 17 , ( 5 ) 1251 - 1253 .

Palit S, Thin NN, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2011 ) . Prospective Comparison of Balloon Expulsion, Anorectal Manometry and Evacuation Proctography for the Diagnosis of Rectal Evacuatory Disorder . Gastroenterology vol. 140 , ( 5 ) s - 609 .

Thin NN, Bhan C, Gill K, Grimmer K, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ, Scott SM, Knowles CH ( 2011 ) . Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study of Sacral Nerve Stimulation in Patients With Severe Rectal Evacuatory Dysfunction Allied to Rectal Hyposensitivity . Gastroenterology vol. 140 , ( 5 )

Broad J, Mukerjee S, Boundouki G, Hughes F, Mannur KR, Knowles CH, Dukes GE, Sanger GJ ( 2011 ) . Regionally-Dependent Responses to Both Nerve Stimulation and to Motilin in Human Isolated Esophagus, Stomach, Small and Large Intestine . Gastroenterology . vol. 140 ,

Broad J, Hubball A, Souza M, Boundouki G, Knowles CH, Sanger GJ ( 2011 ) . Serum but Not IgG From Patients With Chagas' Disease Relax Naive Human Colon Muscle Without Directly Interfering With Motor Nerve Functions . Gastroenterology vol. 140 , ( 5 ) s - 282 .

Carrington EV, Burgell R, Lelic D, Surguy S, Drewes A, Aziz Q, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2011 ) . Assessment of rectal afferent neuronal function using evoked potentials in patients with constipation and rectal hyposensation - A pilot study . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 98 , 43 - 44 .

Botha CA, Naqvi H, Chua YC, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2011 ) . EFFECT OF AUTONOMIC MODULATION ON HUMAN OESOPHAGEAL PAIN HYPERSENSITIVITY . GUT . vol. 60 ,

Chua YC, Hubball A, Peiris M, Ng KS, Hughes SF, Chinaleong J, Preston S, Patel B et al. ( 2011 ) . OESOPHAGEAL EPITHELIAL ASIC3 IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASE IN SEVERITY OF SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRO-OESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GORD) . GUT . vol. 60 , A171 - A171 .

Carrington EV, Knowles CH ( 2011 ) . The influence of sacral nerve stimulation on anorectal dysfunction . Colorectal Dis vol. 13 Suppl 2 , 5 - 9 .

Thin NN, Carrington EV, Grimmer K, Knowles CH ( 2011 ) . Advancement anoplasty and sacral nerve stimulation: an effective combination for radiation-induced anal stenosis . Int J Colorectal Dis vol. 26 , ( 2 ) 211 - 213 .

Knowles CH, Farrugia G ( 2011 ) . Gastrointestinal neuromuscular pathology in chronic constipation . Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol vol. 25 , ( 1 ) 43 - 57 .

Peiris M, Bulmer DC, Baker MD, Boundouki G, Sinha S, Hobson A, Lee K, Aziz Q et al. ( 2011 ) . Human visceral afferent recordings: preliminary report . Gut vol. 60 , ( 2 ) 204 - 208 .

Knowles CH, Veress B, Kapur RP, Wedel T, Farrugia G, Vanderwinden J-M, Geboes K, Smith VV et al. ( 2011 ) . Quantitation of cellular components of the enteric nervous system in the normal human gastrointestinal tract--report on behalf of the Gastro 2009 International Working Group . Neurogastroenterol Motil vol. 23 , ( 2 ) 115 - 124 .

Martin JE, Chowdhury AH, McElwaine S, Fikree A, Broad J, Knowles CH, Allen L, Bevan S et al. ( 2011 ) . A Novel Phenotype of Glycogen Storage Disease Presenting as Gastrointestinal Neuromuscular Disease . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 140 , S705 - S705 .

Noyce AJ, Bestwick J, Hawkes CH, Schrag A, Knowles CH, Hardy J, Lees AJ, Giovannoni G et al. ( 2011 ) . A pilot study of an algorithm designed to identify Parkinson's disease in the early, non-motor phase . MOVEMENT DISORDERS . vol. 26 , S54 - S54 .

Noyce AJ, Bestwick J, Hawkes CH, Knowles CH, Hardy J, Lees AJ, Silveira-Moriyama L, Giovannoni G et al. ( 2011 ) . An algorithm to identify individuals at high-risk of Parkinson's disease in the community . MOVEMENT DISORDERS . vol. 26 , S54 - S55 .

Carrington EV, Burgell R, Lelic D, Surguy S, Drewes AM, Aziz Q, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2011 ) . Assessment of Rectal Afferent Neuronal Function Using Evoked Potentials in Patients With Constipation and Rectal Hyposensitivity - A Pilot Study . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 140 , S530 - S530 .

Botha CA, Naqvi H, Chua YC, Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2011 ) . Effect of Autonomic Modulation on Human Esophageal Pain Hypersensitivity . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 140 , S164 - S164 .

Palit S, Thin NN, Knowles CH, Scott SM ( 2011 ) . Prospective Comparison of Balloon Expulsion, Anorectal Manometry and Evacuation Proctography for the Diagnosis of Rectal Evacuatory Disorder . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 140 , S609 - S609 .

Broad J, Hubball A, Souza M, Boundouki G, Knowles CH, Sanger GJ ( 2011 ) . Serum but Not IgG From Patients With Chagas' Disease Relax Naive Human Colon Muscle Without Directly Interfering With Motor Nerve Functions . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 140 , S282 - S282 .

Nastro P, Knowles CH, McGrath A, Heyman B, Porrett TRC, Lunniss PJ ( 2010 ) . Complications of intestinal stomas . Br J Surg vol. 97 , ( 12 ) 1885 - 1889 .

Boundouki G, Peiris M, Baker MD, Bulmer DC, Aziz Q, Hobson A, Sinha S, Lee K et al. ( 2010 ) . A novel in vitro model of visceral pain using the human appendix . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY vol. 97 , 31 - 32 .

Chua YC, Ng KS, Sharma A, Jafari J, Surguy S, Yazaki E, Julu PO, Knowles CH et al. ( 2010 ) . Pregabalin prevents development of visceral hyperalgesia to oesophageal acid infusion in healthy volunteers . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY vol. 97 , 1 - 1 .

Bhan C, Prosser K, Gill K, Boyle DJ, Mottahadeh M, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ, Scott SM et al. ( 2010 ) . Prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study of sacral nerve stimulation in patients with severe rectal evacuatory dysfunction allied to rectal hyposensitivity . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 97 , 33 - 33 .

Docena G, Rovedatti L, Kruidenier L, Fanning A, Leakey NAB, Knowles CH, Lee K, Shanahan F et al. ( 2010 ) . Down-regulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and proinflammatory cytokine production by mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors in inflammatory bowel disease . Clin Exp Immunol vol. 162 , ( 1 ) 108 - 115 .

Knowles CH, De Giorgio R, Kapur RP, Bruder E, Farrugia G, Geboes K, Lindberg G, Martin JE et al. ( 2010 ) . The London Classification of gastrointestinal neuromuscular pathology: report on behalf of the Gastro 2009 International Working Group . Gut vol. 59 , ( 7 ) 882 - 887 .

Kondo T, Oshima T, Obata K, Sakurai J, Knowles CH, Matsumoto T, Noguchi K, Miwa H ( 2010 ) . Role of Transient Receptor Potential A1 in Gastric Nociception . Digestion vol. 82 , ( 3 ) 150 - 155 .

Chua YC, Ng KS, Jafari J, Sharma A, Surguy S, Yazaki E, Julu PO, Knowles CH et al. ( 2010 ) . 933 Pregabalin Prevents Development of Esophageal Hypersensitivity to Esophageal Acid Infusion in Healthy Volunteers . Gastroenterology vol. 138 , ( 5 ) s - 134 .

Chua YC, Ng KS, Sharma A, Jafari J, Surguy S, Yazaki E, Julu PO, Knowles CH et al. ( 2010 ) . ACID-INDUCED OESOPHAGEAL HYPERSENSITIVITY IS INHIBITED BY PREGABALIN TREATMENT . GUT . vol. 59 , A25 - A25 .

Broad J, Boundouki G, Knowles CH, Sanger GJ ( 2010 ) . CHARACTERISATION OF MOTOR NERVE RESPONSES TO ELECTRICAL FIELD STIMULATION IN HUMAN ISOLATED COLON . GUT . vol. 59 , A140 - A140 .

Sinha S, Sinha A, Sinha S, Bhan C, McConnachie A, Knowles CH ( 2010 ) . Selection Matters—A Regional Survey of UK Consultant Opinion on Selection into Postgraduate Surgical and Medical Training . Journal of Surgical Education vol. 67 , ( 2 ) 85 - 94 .

Zarate N, Farmer AD, Grahame R, Mohammed SD, Knowles CH, Scott SM, Aziz Q ( 2010 ) . Unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms and joint hypermobility: is connective tissue the missing link? . Neurogastroenterol Motil vol. 22 , ( 3 ) 252 - e78 .

De Giorgio R, Ricciardiello L, Naponelli V, Selgrad M, Piazzi G, Felicani C, Serra M, Fronzoni L et al. ( 2010 ) . Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction Related to Viral Infections . TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS . vol. 42 , 9 - 14 .

Chua YC, Ng KS, Jafari J, Sharma A, Surguy S, Yazaki E, Julu PO, Knowles CH et al. ( 2010 ) . Pregabalin Prevents Development of Esophageal Hypersensitivity to Esophageal Acid Infusion in Healthy Volunteers . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 138 , S134 - S134 .

Rovedatti L, Kudo T, Biancheri P, Sarra M, Knowles CH, Rampton DS, Corazza GR, Monteleone G et al. ( 2009 ) . Differential regulation of interleukin 17 and interferon gamma production in inflammatory bowel disease . Gut vol. 58 , ( 12 ) 1629 - 1636 .

Martin JE, Hester TW, Aslam H, Sinha S, Knowles CH ( 2009 ) . Discordant practice and limited histopathological assessment in gastrointestinal neuromuscular disease . GUT vol. 58 , ( 12 ) 1703 - 1705 .

Knowles CH, Dinning PG, Pescatori M, Rintala R, Rosen H ( 2009 ) . Surgical management of constipation . NEUROGASTROENT MOTIL vol. 21 , 62 - 71 .

Di Sabatino A, Rovedatti L, Kaur R, Spencer JP, Brown JT, Morisset VD, Biancheri P, Leakey NAB et al. ( 2009 ) . Targeting gut T cell Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channels inhibits T cell cytokine production and T-box transcription factor T-bet in inflammatory bowel disease . J Immunol vol. 183 , ( 5 ) 3454 - 3462 .

Knowles A, Knowles C, Scott S, Lunniss PJ ( 2009 ) . Einfluss von Alter und Geschlecht auf die dreidimensionale endoanale Sonographie: Entwicklung von Normalwerten . coloproctology vol. 31 , ( 3 ) 161 - 168 .

Knowles CH, De Giorgio R, Kapur RP, Bruder E, Farrugia G, Geboes K, Gershon MD, Hutson J et al. ( 2009 ) . Gastrointestinal neuromuscular pathology: guidelines for histological techniques and reporting on behalf of the Gastro 2009 International Working Group . Acta Neuropathol vol. 118 , ( 2 ) 271 - 301 .

Boyle DJ, Knowles CH, Lunniss PJ, Scott SM, Williams NS, Gill KA ( 2009 ) . Efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation for fecal incontinence in patients with anal sphincter defects . Dis Colon Rectum vol. 52 , ( 7 ) 1234 - 1239 .

Farmer AD, Zarate N, Scott SM, Mohammed S, Knowles CH, Grahame R, Aziz Q ( 2009 ) . M1215 Unexplained Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Joint Hypermobility: Is Connective Tissue the Missing Link? . Gastroenterology vol. 136 , ( 5 ) a - 374 .

Rovedatti L, Kudo T, Biancheri P, Rampton DS, Sengupta N, Knowles CH, Monteleone G, Corazza GR et al. ( 2009 ) . S1731 Differential Regulation of Interleukin-17 and Interferon-γ Production in Inflammatory Bowel Disease . Gastroenterology vol. 136 , ( 5 ) a - 258 .

Farmer AD, Zarate-Lopez N, Mohammed S, Scott SM, Knowles CH, Grahame R, Aziz Q ( 2009 ) . JOINT HYPERMOBILITY AND FUNCTIONAL GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS: IS CONNECTIVE TISSUE THE MISSING LINK? . RHEUMATOLOGY . vol. 48 , I95 - I95 .

De Giorgio R, Knowles CH ( 2009 ) . Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction . BRIT J SURG vol. 96 , ( 3 ) 229 - 239 .

Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2009 ) . Basic and clinical aspects of gastrointestinal pain . Pain vol. 141 , ( 3 ) 191 - 209 .

Rovedatti L, Di Sabatino A, Kudo T, Sarra M, Rampton D, Knowles CH, Sengupta N, Monteleone G et al. ( 2009 ) . P294 - Control of interleukin-17 production in inflammatory bowel disease . Journal of Crohn's and Colitis vol. 3 , ( 1 ) s126 - s126 .

Knowles CH, Martin JE ( 2009 ) . New techniques in the tissue diagnosis of gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases . World J Gastroenterol vol. 15 , ( 2 ) 192 - 197 .

Hubball A, Martin JE, Lang B, De Giorgio R, Knowles CH ( 2009 ) . The role of humoral autoimmunity in gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases . Prog Neurobiol vol. 87 , ( 1 ) 10 - 20 .

Zarate N, Knowles CH, Yazaki E, Lunnis PJ, Scott SM ( 2009 ) . Clinical presentation and patterns of slow transit constipation do not predict coexistent upper gut dysmotility . Dig Dis Sci vol. 54 , ( 1 ) 122 - 131 .

Rovedatti L, Kudo T, Biancheri P, Rampton DS, Sengupta N, Knowles CH, Monteleone G, Corazza GR et al. ( 2009 ) . Differential Regulation of Interleukin-17 and Interferon-γ Production in Inflammatory Bowel Disease . GASTROENTEROLOGY . vol. 136 , A258 - A258 .

Karling P, Abrahamsson H, Dolk A, Hallbook O, Hellstrom PM, Knowles CH, Kjellstrom L, Lindberg G et al. ( 2009 ) . Function and dysfunction of the colon and anorectum in adults: Working team report of the Swedish Motility Group (SMoG) . SCAND J GASTROENTERO vol. 44 , ( 6 ) 646 - 660 .

Knowles AM, Knowles CH, Scott SM, Lunniss P ( 2008 ) . Effects of age and gender on three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonography measurements: development of normal ranges . TECH COLOPROCTOL vol. 12 , ( 4 ) 323 - 329 .

Loosemore M, Knowles CH, Whyte GP ( 2008 ) . Amateur boxing and risk of chronic traumatic brain injury: Systematic review of observational studies . British Journal of Sports Medicine vol. 42 , ( 11 ) 564 - 567 .

Loosemore M, Knowles CH, Whyte GP ( 2008 ) . Amateur boxing and risk of chronic traumatic brain injury: systematic review of observational studies . BRIT J SPORT MED vol. 42 , ( 11 ) 864 - 867 .

Gladman MA, Knowles CH ( 2008 ) . Surgical treatment of patients with constipation and fecal incontinence . GASTROENTEROL CLIN N vol. 37 , ( 3 ) 605 - + .

Williams NS, Murphy J, Knowles C, Chan C, Ahmed S ( 2008 ) . Letter in response to colorectal disease article on intersphincteric resection . Colorectal Disease vol. 10 , ( 7 ) 737 - 737 .

Gladman MA, Knowles CH ( 2008 ) . Novel concepts in the diagnosis, pathophysiology and management of idiopathic megabowel . COLORECTAL DIS vol. 10 , ( 6 ) 531 - 538 .

Knowles CH, Veress B, Tornblom H, Wallace S, Paraskeva P, Darzi A, Martin JE, Nyberg B et al. ( 2008 ) . Safety and diagnostic yield of laparoscopically assisted full-thickness bowel biospy . NEUROGASTROENT MOTIL vol. 20 , ( 7 ) 774 - 779 .

Wellmer A, Sharief MK, Knowles CH, Misra VP, Kopelman P, Ralph D, Anand P ( 2008 ) . Quantitative sensory and autonomic testing in male diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction . BJU International vol. 83 , ( 1 ) 66 - 70 .

Williams NS, Murphy J, Knowles CH ( 2008 ) . Anterior Perineal PlanE for Ultra-low Anterior Resection of the Rectum (the APPEAR technique): a prospective clinical trial of a new procedure . Ann Surg vol. 247 , ( 5 ) 750 - 758 .

Knowles CH, Aziz Q ( 2008 ) . Visceral hypersensitivity in non-erosive reflux disease . Gut vol. 57 , ( 5 ) 674 - 683 .

Matthews PJ, Knowles CH, Chua YC, Delaney C, Hobson AR, Aziz Q ( 2008 ) . Effects of the concentration and frequency of acid infusion on the development and maintenance of esophageal hyperalgesia in a human volunteer model . Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol vol. 294 , ( 4 ) G914 - G917 .

Gooneratne ML, Facer P, Knowles CH, Chan CL, Lunniss PJ, Scott SM, Anand P, Williams NS ( 2008 ) . Normalization of substance P levels in rectal mucosa of patients with faecal incontinence treated successfully by sacral nerve stimulation . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY vol. 95 , ( 4 ) 477 - 483 .

Knowles CH, De Giorgio R ( 2008 ) . Observations on a vestigial organ: a potential surrogate for enteric neuromesenchymal disease . NEUROGASTROENT MOTIL vol. 20 , ( 4 ) 263 - 268 .

Irving PM, Macey MG, Feakins RM, Knowles CH, Frye JN, Liyanage SH, DORUDI S, Williams NS et al. ( 2008 ) . Platelet-leucocyte aggregates form in the mesenteric vasculature in patients with ulcerative colitis . Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol vol. 20 , ( 4 ) 283 - 289 .

Docena G, Fanning A, Rovedatti L, Di Sabatino A, Leakey N, Knowles C, Lee K, Shanahan F et al. ( 2008 ) . OC1.04.3 ACTIVATION AND MODULATION OF THE MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE PATHWAY IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE . Digestive and Liver Disease . vol. 40 ,

Di Sabatino A, Kruidenier L, Rovedatti L, Leakey N, Wilson M, Lione L, Knowles C, Lee K et al. ( 2008 ) . OC3.03.1 T-CELL SELECTIVE INHIBITION OF GUT PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE PRODUCTION BY A CA2+ RELEASE-ACTIVATED CA2+ CHANNEL (CRAC) BLOCKER IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD) . Digestive and Liver Disease . vol. 40 , s41 - s42 .

Zarate N, Knowles CH, Newell M, Garvie NW, Gladman MA, Lunniss PJ, Scott SM ( 2008 ) . In patients with slow transit constipation, the pattern of colonic transit delay does not differentiate between those with and without impaired rectal evacuation . AM J GASTROENTEROL vol. 103 , ( 2 ) 427 - 434 .

Docena GH, Fanning A, Rovedatti L, Di Sabatino A, Leakey NA, Knowles CH, Lee K, Shanahan F et al. ( 2008 ) . Activation and modulation of the MAP kinase pathway in IBD . GASTROENTEROLOGY vol. 134 , ( 4 ) A647 - A647 .

Knowles CH ( 2007 ) . New horizons in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal neuromuscular disease . J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr vol. 45 Suppl 2 , S97 - 102 .

Loosemore M, Knowles CH, Whyte GP ( 2007 ) . Amateur boxing and risk of chronic traumatic brain injury: systematic review of observational studies . BRIT MED J vol. 335 , ( 7624 ) 809 - 812 .

Loosemore M, Knowles C, Wilson M, Whyte G ( 2007 ) . Amateur Boxing and Risk of Chronic Brain Injury . Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise vol. 39 , ( 5 )

Bowen S, Ateh DD, Deinhardt K, Bird MM, Price KM, Baker CS, Robson JC, Swash M et al. ( 2007 ) . The phagocytic capacity of neurones . Eur J Neurosci vol. 25 , ( 10 ) 2947 - 2955 .

Murphy J, Hammond TM, Knowles CH, Scott SM, Lunniss PJ, Williams NS ( 2007 ) . Does anastomotic technique influence anorectal function after sphincter-saving rectal cancer resection? A systematic review of evidence from randomized trials . J AM COLL SURGEONS vol. 204 , ( 4 ) 673 - 680 .

Donaldson J, Knowles CH, Clark SK, Renfrew I, Lobo MD ( 2007 ) . Rectus sheath haematoma associated with low molecular weight heparin: a case series . ANN ROY COLL SURG vol. 89 , ( 3 ) 309 - 312 .

Tornblom H, Lang B, Clover L, Knowles CH, Vincent A, Lindberg G ( 2007 ) . Autoantibodies in patients with gut motility disorders and enteric neuropathy . SCAND J GASTROENTERO vol. 42 , ( 11 ) 1289 - 1293 .

MURPHY J, Williams NS, El-Gendy K, Knowles CH ( 2007 ) . Combined abdominal and perineal approach for delayed restoration of bowel continuity after low anterior resection in females . Ann. Surg. vol. 250 , ( 1 ) 174 - 174 .

Scott SM, Knowles CH, Wang D, Yazaki E, Picon L, Wingate DL, Lindberg G ( 2006 ) . The nocturnal jejunal migrating motor complex: defining normal ranges by study of 51 healthy adult volunteers and meta-analysis . NEUROGASTROENT MOTIL vol. 18 , ( 10 ) 927 - 935 .

KNOWLES CH, Cross F, Wilson A, West A, Konig T ( 2006 ) . Stabbing: data support public perception . BMJ vol. 333 ,

Hammond TM, Knowles CH, Porrett T, Lunniss PJ ( 2006 ) . The Snug Seton: short and medium term results of slow fistulotomy for idiopathic anal fistulae . COLORECTAL DIS vol. 8 , ( 4 ) 328 - 337 .

KNOWLES CH, Maroney NL ( 2006 ) . Innovation and teamwork: introducing multidisciplinary team ward rounds . Nursing Management vol. 13 , 28 - 31 .

LUNNISS PJ, Williams NS, Knowles CH, Scott SM, Dvorkin LS ( 2005 ) . Rectal intussusception: characterization of symptomatology . Dis Colon Rectum vol. 48 , 824 - 831 .

Knowles CH, Silk DBA, Darzi A, Veress B, Feakins R, Raimundo AH, Crompton T, Browning EC et al. ( 2004 ) . Deranged smooth muscle alpha-actin as a biomarker of intestinal pseudo-obstruction: a controlled multinational case series . Gut vol. 53 , ( 11 ) 1583 - 1589 .

Knowles CH, Silk DBA, Darzi A, Feakins R, Raimundo AH, Veress B, Crompton T, Lindberg G et al. ( 2004 ) . Deranged smooth muscle alpha-actin: A bio-marker of intestinal pseudo-obstruction. A controlled multinational case series and ontological study . GUT vol. 53 , A29 - A30 .

Dvorkin LEES, Chan CHRISTOPHERL, Knowles CHARLESH, Williams NORMANS, Lunniss PETERJ, Scott MS ( 2004 ) . Anal sphincter morphology in patients with full-thickness rectal prolapse . Diseases of the Colon and Rectum vol. 47 , ( 2 ) 198 - 203 .

Lunniss PJ, WILLIAMS NS, Knowles CH, Scott SM, Dvorkin LS, Chan CLH ( 2004 ) . Anal sphincter morphology in patients with full-thickness rectal prolapse . Diseases of the Colon and Rectum. vol. 47 , ( 2 ) 198 - 203 .

GLADMAN MA, Knowles CH, Payne JG ( 2004 ) . Intraoperative culture in appendicitis: historical practice challenged . Ann Royal Coll Surg Eng vol. 86 , 196 - 201 .

Knowles CH, Scott SM, Rayner C, Glia A, Lindberg G, Kamm MA, Lunniss PJ ( 2003 ) . Idiopathic slow-transit constipation: an almost exclusively female disorder . Diseases of the Colon and Rectum vol. 46 , ( 12 ) 1716 - 1717 .

Knowles CH, Scott SM, Rayner C, Glia A, Lindberg G, Kamm MA, Lunniss PJ ( 2003 ) . Idiopathic Slow-Transit Constipation: An Almost Exclusively Female Disorder . Diseases of the Colon & Rectum vol. 46 , ( 12 ) 1716 - 1717 .

Scott SM, Picon L, Knowles CH, Fourquet F, Yazaki E, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ, Wingate DL ( 2003 ) . Automated quantitative analysis of nocturnal jejunal motor activity identifies abnormalities in individuals and subgroups of patients with slow transit constipation . Am J Gastroenterol vol. 98 , ( 5 ) 1123 - 1134 .

Chan CLH, Scott SM, Birch MJ, Knowles CH, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ ( 2003 ) . Rectal heat thresholds: a novel test of the sensory afferent pathway . Dis Colon Rectum vol. 46 , ( 5 ) 590 - 595 .

Knowles CH, Nickols CD, Feakins R, Martin JE ( 2003 ) . A systematic analysis of polyglucosan bodies in the human gastrointestinal tract in health and disease . Acta Neuropathol vol. 105 , ( 4 ) 410 - 413 .

Gladman MA, Scott SM, Khela M, Newell M, Miller M, Knowles CH, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ ( 2003 ) . Impaired rectal sensation appears to influence the pattern of abnormal transit in patients with slow-transit constipation (STC) . Gastroenterology vol. 124 , ( 4 )

Lunniss PJ, KNOWLES CH, Porrett T ( 2003 ) . Creation of a treatment protocol for nurse-led management of anal fissure . Colorectal Dis vol. 5 , ( 1 ) 63 - 72 .

Haq AI, Gladman MA, Knowles CH, Payne JG ( 2003 ) . Evaluation of intraoperative bacterial cultures in 721 patients with acute appendicitis . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 90 , 34 - 34 .

Lunniss PJ, KNOWLES CH, Scott SM, Kamm MA, Lindberg G, Glia A, Rayner C ( 2003 ) . Idiopathic slow-transit constipation: an almost exclusively female disorder . Dis Colon Rectum vol. 46 , ( 2 ) 1716 - 1717 .

Chen B, Knowles CH, Scott M, Anand P, Williams NS, Milbrandt J, Tam PKH ( 2002 ) . Idiopathic slow transit constipation and megacolon are not associated with neurturin mutations . NEUROGASTROENT MOTIL vol. 14 , ( 5 ) 513 - 517 .

Lunniss PJ, KNOWLES CH, Scott SM, Allison ME, Legg PE ( 2002 ) . Level of classification performance of KESS (symptom scoring system for constipation) validated in a prospective series of 105 patients . Dis Colon Rectum vol. 45 , ( 6 ) 842 - 843 .

MARTIN JE, Knowles CH, Clover L, Lang B ( 2002 ) . A role for autoantibodies in some cases of acquired non-paraneoplastic gut dysmotility . Scand J Gastroenterol vol. 37 , 166 - 170 .

Knowles CH, Lang B, Clover L, Scott SM, Gotti C, Vincent A, Martin JE ( 2002 ) . A role for autoantibodies in some cases of acquired non-paraneoplastic gut dysmotility . Scand J Gastroenterol vol. 37 , ( 2 ) 166 - 170 .

Mukherjee D, Khela MK, Castillo FD, Scott SM, Knowles CH, Yazaki E, Evans DF, Kadirkamanathan SS ( 2002 ) . Estimation of bolus transport and clearance in an oesophageal model using multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII): Validation study with gamma scintigraphy (GS) . GASTROENTEROLOGY vol. 122 , ( 4 ) A357 - A358 .

Knowles, Martin ( 2001 ) . Slow transit constipation: a model of human gut dysmotility. Review of possible aetiologies . Neurogastroenterology & Motility vol. 12 , ( 2 ) 181 - 196 .

Knowles CH, Scott SM, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ ( 2001 ) . Clinical and physiological heterogeneity in slow transit constipation: a review of 122 patients . Colorectal Dis vol. 4 , ( 2 ) Article 212-9 , 212 - 219 .

Facer P, Knowles CH, Tam PKH, Ford AP, Dyer N, Baecker PA, Anand P ( 2001 ) . Novel capsaicin (VR1) and purinergic (P2X(3)) receptors in Hirschsprung's intestine . JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY . vol. 36 , 1679 - 1684 .

Williams NS, KNOWLES CH, Anand P, Birch R, Smith JA, Yiangou Y, Facer P, Sangameswaran L et al. ( 2001 ) . Increased acid-sensing ion channel ASIC-3 in inflamed human intestine . Eur J Gastroent and Hepatology vol. 13 , ( 8 ) 891 - 896 .

KNOWLES CH, Sampietre SN, de Souza LJ, Machado MC, Monteiro Cunha JE, Leite KR, Assis RS, Jancar S ( 2001 ) . Effect of platelet-activating factor antagonists (BN-52021, WEB-2170, and BB-882) on bacterial translocation in acute pancreatitis . J Gastrointest Surg vol. 5 , ( 4 ) 364 - 370 .

Chan CLH, Yiangou Y, Facer P, Dyer NHC, Knowles CH, Williams NS, Anand P ( 2001 ) . Increased capsaicin receptor VR1-immunoreactivity in acute inflammatory bowel disease . BRIT J SURG vol. 88 , 10 - 10 .

Facer P, Knowles CH, Thomas PK, Tam PKH, Williams NS, Anand P ( 2001 ) . Decreased tyrosine kinase C expression may reflect developmental abnormalities in Hirschsprung's disease and idiopathic slow-transit constipation . BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY . vol. 88 , 545 - 552 .

Williams NS, KNOWLES CH, Chan CL, Yiangou Y, Facer P, Anand P, Dyer NH ( 2001 ) . Vanilloid receptor 1 immunoreactivity in inflamed human bowel . Lancet vol. 357 , ( 9265 ) 1338 - 1339 .

CLH C, Scott SM, Knowles CH, Lunniss PJ ( 2001 ) . Exaggerated rectal adaptation - another cause of outlet obstruction . Colorectal Disease vol. 3 , ( 2 ) 141 - 141 .

Scott SM, Knowles CH, Newell M, Garvie N, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ ( 2001 ) . Scintigraphic assessment of colonic transit in women with slow-transit constipation arising de novo and following pelvic surgery or childbirth . Br J Surg vol. 88 , ( 3 ) 405 - 411 .

Knowles CH, Nickols CD, Scott SM, Bennett NI, de Oliveira RB, Chimelli L, Feakins R, Williams NS et al. ( 2001 ) . Smooth muscle inclusion bodies in slow transit constipation . J PATHOL vol. 193 , ( 3 ) 390 - 397 .

Cheng W, Au DK, Knowles CH, Anand P, Tam PK ( 2001 ) . Hirschsprung's disease: a more generalised neuropathy? . J Pediatr Surg vol. 36 , ( 2 ) 296 - 300 .

Knowles CH, Scott SM, Lunniss PJ ( 2001 ) . Slow Transit Constipation . Digestive Diseases and Sciences vol. 46 , ( 2 ) 389 - 401 .

Knowles CH, Lang B, Clover L, Scott M, Gotti C, Vincent A, Martin JE ( 2001 ) . A role for autoantibodies in some cases of acquired non-paraneoplastic gut dysmotility . GASTROENTEROLOGY vol. 120 , ( 5 ) A750 - A750 .

Williams NS, KNOWLES CH, Chan CL, Anand P, Facer P, Baecker PA, Ford AP, Yiangou Y ( 2001 ) . ATP-gated ion channel P2X(3) is increased in human inflammatory bowel disease . Neurogastroenterol Motil vol. 13 , ( 4 ) 365 - 369 .

Lunniss PJ, Williams NS, KNOWLES CH, Scott SM, Garvie N, Newell M ( 2001 ) . Scintigraphic assessment of colonic transit in women with slow-transit constipation arising de novo and following pelvic surgery or childbirth . Br J Surg vol. 88 , ( 3 ) 405 - 411 .

Lunniss PJ, KNOWLES CH, Scott SM ( 2001 ) . Slow transit constipation: a disorder of pelvic autonomic nerves? . Digestive Diseases and Sciences. vol. 46 , ( 2 ) 389 - 401 .

Knowles CH, Eccersley AJ, Scott SM, Walker SM, Reeves B, Lunniss PJ ( 2000 ) . Linear discriminant analysis of symptoms in patients with chronic constipation: validation of a new scoring system (KESS) . Diseases of the Colon and Rectum vol. 43 , ( 10 ) 1419 - 1426 .

Knowles CH, Gayther SA, Scott M, Ramus S, Anand P, Williams NS, Ponder BA ( 2000 ) . Idiopathic slow-transit constipation is not associated with mutations of the RET proto-oncogene or GDNF . Diseases of the Colon and Rectum vol. 6 , ( 43 ) 851 - 857 .

Knowles CH, Scott M, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ ( 2000 ) . Clinical and physiological heterogeneity in slow transit constipation: A review of 122 patients . Gastroenterology vol. 118 , ( 4 )

Scott SM, Knowles CH, Yazaki E, Lunniss PJ, Wingate DL ( 2000 ) . Pan-intestinal dysmotility acquired following pelvic surgery or childbirth . Gastroenterology vol. 118 , ( 4 )

Scott SM, Knowles CH, Williams NS, Lunniss PJ ( 2000 ) . Simple radio-opaque marker studies versus scintigraphy in slow colonic transit — a comparison . Gastroenterology vol. 118 , ( 4 )

KNOWLES CH, Scott M, LUNNISS PJ ( 1999 ) . Outcome of colectomy for slow transit constipation . Annals of Surgery vol. 5 , ( 230 ) 627 - 638 .

Knowles CH, Scott M, Lunniss PJ ( 1999 ) . Outcome of Colectomy for Slow Transit Constipation . Annals of Surgery vol. 230 , ( 5 )

Knowles CH, Scott SM, Wellmer A, Misra VP, Pilot M-A, Williams NS, Anand P ( 1999 ) . Sensory and autonomic neuropathy in patients with idiopathic slow-transit constipation . British Journal of Surgery vol. 86 , ( 1 ) 54 - 60 .

Knowles C, Scott S, Lunniss P, Newell M, Garvie N, Williams N ( 1998 ) . Colonic scintigraphy highlights differences in subgroups of patients with slow-transit constipation . Gastroenterology . vol. 114 ,

Knowles C, Scott S, Wellmer A, Misra V, Pilot M-A, Rogers J, Williams N, Anand P ( 1998 ) . Idiopathic slow-transit constipation: A sensory and autonomic neuropathy linked to Hirschsprung's disease . Gastroenterology . vol. 114 ,

Raethjen J, Pilot M-A, Knowles C, Warner G, Anand P, Williams N ( 1997 ) . Selective autonomic and sensory deficits in slow transit constipation . Autonomic Neuroscience vol. 66 , ( 1-2 ) 46 - 52 .

Wright KD, Knowles CH, Coast TJ, Sutcliffe JC ( 1996 ) . ‘Efficient’ timely evacuation of intracranial haematoma—the effect of transport direct to a specialist centre . Injury vol. 27 , ( 10 ) 719 - 721 .